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History > America 1920-1973 Part 1 > Flashcards

America 1920-1973 Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

who was the president of America in 1920

A

Woodrow Wilson

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2
Q

Anarchists

A

Rebel

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3
Q

How many people immigrated to America between 1850-1919

A

Over 40 million immigrants

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4
Q

what is a constitution

A

Laws of the Land

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5
Q

Push factors of America

A

-Lack of Opportunity
- Overcrowding
-Unemployment
-Persecution

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6
Q

Pull factors of America

A

-Space
-It was a Land of Free
-Economic Opportunity
-Wages higher

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7
Q

What was American Bill of Rights (1791)

A

It guaranteed freedom of religion, freedom of speech and freedom of the press

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8
Q

Boom

A

Period of things going well

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9
Q

Consumerism

A

buying +continuing to buy products

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10
Q

Name some Characteristics of the boom

A
  • More people lived in the city
    -people travelled from around the world
    -production increased
    -Amount of millionaires increased x5
    -Jazz , music, entertainment
  • increased employment

-

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11
Q

What is the Characteristics of Boom
acronym

A

(FIMCATS)
Films
Industry
Magazines
Construction
Advertising
Transport
Shopping

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12
Q

speculation

A

form of gambling

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13
Q

playing the stock market

A

millions of people felt that playing the stock market was an ideal way to get rich , people were buying shares in companies and made money by selling them on (dividance)

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14
Q

what did speculation mean

A

speculation meant you would speculate/ guess (gamble) this meant you had a chance of winning/losing

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15
Q

how might stock market lead to problems

A

it will crash at one point due to stocks being too high. If stocks prices keep increasing +people would invest this would lead to crash

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16
Q

why was there such a “boom” in the 1920s stock market ?

A

In the 1920s , new businesses were developing all the time thanks to the republican government having low taxatio. This meant that there were newly emerging businesses and developing companies for people to invest in

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17
Q

impact of ww1 on America

A
  • As USA stayed out of war in first 2 and a half years this allowed USA to prosper financially.
  • At end of WW1 USA led world in production of medicines and other materials
    -War had smaller impact on USA than France, Germany, Russia and Britain
    -America was only major nation not faced by huge Wartime debts
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18
Q

How was Mass Production a cause of the boom

A

-New Products
- Increased employment stimulated
further the demand for goods

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19
Q

How was Mass marketing a cause of the boom

A
  • Increased demand meant more workers were needed so more Americans were receiving wages
20
Q

How was Confidence a cause of the boom

A
  • companies will continue to make money
  • Belief of economic growth
21
Q

How was Policies of the Republican Presidents a cause of the boom

A
  • They lowered taxes on income and company profits. Giving wealthy more money to invest in American industry + buildings.
  • They put TARIFFS on important goods, imports made more expensive
    -They didnt interfere in business or put any controls on financial institutions
22
Q

How was Credit a cause of the boom

A
  • Speculation = chance of winning/losing
    -Stock market caused people buying shares in companies and made money by selling them on (dividance)
  • to make money
  • Confidence increase = buy now , pay later
23
Q

How was Resources a cause of the boom

A

-Natural resources = energy
-crops= trade= money
- Many crops/ resources were needed to other countries which caused training - more money
- Great industrial american power
- Iron, coal, land and oil

24
Q

How was Technological change a cause of the boom

A
  • ELectricity industy developed/ thrived and was crucial in economic boom
  • cheap efficient source of power for factories
  • supplied power needed in homes of consumers for new mass produced products
    -powered new cinemas/ sport stadium
  • consumption of electricity doubled in decade. By 1929 70% of homes had electricity
25
Q

what is credit

A

Buying a product which allows you to pay for it later

26
Q

what is tariff

A

A tax on exports and imports

27
Q

what is consumerism

A

buying and continuing to buy products

28
Q

What are anarchists

A

Political rebels who go against authority , established order, or ruling power

29
Q

what is Assembly line

A

A line that allows each man to complete 1 job, this speeded up production

30
Q

what did mass production lead to ?

A

Rise in consumerism

31
Q

Key details about -Model T Ford

A
  • Slow to drive / ugly
  • Cost low due to only 1 engine size and 1 colour
    (black )
    -Nicknamed “Tin Lizzie” by America
    -15 million people bought Model Ts between 1911-1929
    -affordable ( 1909 - $1200
    1928- $295)
  • Price came down, But wages for production workers. By 1925, price of car was less than 3 months wages for average american
32
Q

Mass Production

A

Ford was able to sell cars cheaply due to Mass Production every part was standertised (only 1 colour , 1 engine) by producing large numbers of cars on Assembly line. Ford needed fewer skilled workers

33
Q

why was mass production so important to American economy

A

Many were able to buy cars for an affordable price whilst wages for workers increased. High employment ford also decreased number of hours they were working

34
Q

3 key facts about how model t ford changed America

A
  • Jobs created
  • Travel/ able to go anywhere
  • Efficient ways of mass production - Assembly line
35
Q

Mechanisation

A

introduction of machines to replace humans in job roles

36
Q

Why didnt Farmers benefit from economic boom

A
  • Life got worse for them
    -Post WW1 countries put taxes on American crops which made it expensive
  • Mechanisation meant people lost Jobs
  • Farmers were forced to sell their land ( By 1929 : 600,000)
  • People couldn’t pay rent
37
Q

Why didnt People in older industries benefit

A

-Life got worse
- Cotton + wool factory workers suffered too because there was less demand for products - due to popularity of new manmade fibre
- Price of cotton + wollen cloth began to fall = not as popular as it once was
-workers wage began to drop. some factories shut down
- immigrants faced huge amount of racism + discrimination = had low wage
- children worked from age 14 instead of education , as families were poor

38
Q

Why didnt African - american workers benefit from Boom

A
  • many lived in southern states so this was where they had orginally been slaves
  • many worked on farms as labourers /rented small areas of land
  • Living conditions were apalling+ millions lied in poverty
    -Many went north to find jobs but only found low paid jobs + some factories operated white only policy
39
Q

Why did Native Americans not benefit from Boom

A
  • Most of their land had been seized by mining companies
  • traditional way of life disappeared- when moved to reservations ( areas which they were forced to live on by government )
  • Soil on reservations was poor so impossible to grow normal crops
  • In 1920s Native Americans lived in extreme poverty -poorly educated had lower life expectancy than other ethnic group
40
Q

why did New immigrants not benefit from boom

A
  • Immigrants who arrived just before/after war also faced discrimination
  • Took whatever work they could get
  • Large number worked in construction - building boom
  • construction workers wage - rose 4% in 1920
  • Immigrants - supply of cheap labour -more work mechanists
  • unemployment rate of new immigrants remained high
41
Q

How did the Radio change life for people

A
  • First radio was station KDKA
  • Radio quickly became an important part of life
  • By 1930, 40% of all homes in USA had radio set
  • Radio - access to new music
  • created national habit listening events that they could not see
42
Q

How did Cars change life for people

A
  • Car gave people freedom to travel. To visit friends , go to other cities.
  • Many moved out to live/ suburbs
  • cars meant young people could escape to cinemas/ clubs
    -some thought car leds to moral decline- blamed for making crime easier
43
Q

How did Clubs + dancing change peoples lives

A
  • Visiting clubs + danceclubs became really popular in 1920s
  • slow formal dances of pre war America were replaced by fast dances like charleston
  • had dramatic effect many people condemned
44
Q

How were peoples live change in “ roaring twenties “

A
  • Women benefitted from labour saving devices to help housework
  • had more leisure time/ more money
  • Wider changes in social attitude
  • people influenced by what they heard on radio/ saw in cinema
45
Q

How did lives improve or women

A
  • By 1929 there were over 10 million women in range of domestic jobs
  • advertising was aimed more at women as they took most spending decisions
    -women could vote but less likely than men
    -growing number of women in clerical jobs and proffessions
    -2 women elected to american government
    -middle class women ha more free time due to new domestic products
    -new fashions, music and dances helped women to express themselves more (flappers)

History (5 decks)

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