Amblyopia Tx: 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common type of occlusion used ? Which eye is occluded?

A

Direct occlusion

- non-amblyopic eye

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2
Q

This describes occluding the amblyopic eye. When do we use this?

A

Inverse occlusion

- to tx steady eccentric fixation

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3
Q

This is complete occlusion, no form perception.

A

Total occlusion

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4
Q

This is blurred form perception. What can we use to make this happen?

A
  • partial occlusion

- use atropine

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5
Q

What are the 2 ways we can do total occlusion?

A
  1. Patches (Adhesive, Slip-on)

2. Occluding lenses (CLs)

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6
Q

What are 3 ways we can do partial occlusion?

A
  1. Occlusion lenses (overplus non amblyopic eye)
  2. Occlusion filters
  3. Atropine Penalization
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7
Q

How much patching is needed for moderate amblyopia? severe amblyopia?

A
  • 2 hours with 1 hr of near work

- 6 hrs with 1 hr of near work

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8
Q

Are near activities beneficial while patching?

A

No huge difference when patient does near activities vs. distance activities

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9
Q

Will increased patching improve acuity in residual amblyopia?

A

Yes!

- if px is doing 2 hrs, increase to 6 hrs

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10
Q

How does atropine compare to patching?

A
  • improvement in VA was similar to magnitude between the two tx groups
  • compliance was better in atropine group
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11
Q

Does the VA improve faster with patching or atropine?

A

Patching

- but equal at 6 months

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12
Q

How frequent should atropine be put in the patient’s eyes?

A

Weekend atropine (one drop saturday and one drop sunday)

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13
Q

Does atopine + optical penalization (with specs) increase VA in amblyope?

A

no

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14
Q

What’s the best way to treat amblyopia in older patients (7-17)?

A

Treat with patching or atropine

- both showed similar improvement

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15
Q

Risk of amblyopia recurrence after cessation of treatment is 4x more common when __?

A

Patching of 6-8hours was stopped abruptly

- must ween off

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16
Q

What is better, bangerter filter or patching?

A
  • Comparable

- filter is a reasonable option for initial therapy for moderate amblyopia

17
Q

How did dichoptic stimulus vs. patching compare when treating amblyopia?

A
  • VA improved w/ both tx

- but iPad tx is not as good as patching

18
Q

Levodopa ATS 17 concluded whata?

A

Not recommend, no clinically significant change

19
Q

Once the patient reaches their maximum acuity, how should we stop the tx?

A

Taper tx and monitor

20
Q

How do you taper patching?

A

2hrs –> 1 hr/day x 6 wks –> every other day x wks –> stop

21
Q

How do you taper atropine?

A

2 drops/wk –> 1 drop/wk –> stop

22
Q

What 3 groups do we tx with VT?

A
  1. Older patients with amblyopia
  2. Younger patients w that plateau w/ patching
  3. Px with EF
23
Q

What 3 ways can we tx EF?

A
  1. Haidinger’s brushes
  2. AI transfer (NRC)
  3. Fast Pointing