Amblyopia and Strabismum Flashcards
Amblyopia and Strabismus
amblyopia is a _____ disorder _____ not congenital more of a ______ problem than an eye problem
developmental acquiredbrain
Amblyopia and Strabismus
when is the critical period
begin around 3-4 months and slowly declines around 6-8 years
Amblyopia and Strabismus
eye is resistant to amblyogenic event, but remains modifiable
plasticity
Amblyopia and Strabismus
rule out ocular pathology as a cause of the decreased acuity by at least performing thorough internal and external health eval w/ DFE
exclusion
Amblyopia and Strabismus
must be able to document a specific etiology for the amblyopia such as refractive error, strabismus, form deprivatoin
inclusion
Amblyopia and Strabismus
reduced VA 2ndary to pathology may result in an eye that drifts out
sensory exotropia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
constant, unilateral, and present before age 7-eso vs exo
amblyogenic strabismus
Amblyopia and Strabismus
significat difference in refractive error between the 2 eyes
anisometropia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
significant bilateral refractive error
isoametropia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
blurs visual stimuli in a specific orientation depending on the refractive error and axis
meridional amblyopia (amblyogenic astigmatism)
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what is the refractive error needed for a hyperope with anisometropia? isometropia?
> 1D >5D
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what is the refractive error needed for myopia w/ anisometropia? isometropia?
> 3D> 8D
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what is the refractive error needed for astigmatism for anisometropia? isometropia?
> 1.5D > 2.5 D
Amblyopia and Strabismus
most amblyopia will result in acuity loss in the range of ….
20/30 - 20/100
Amblyopia and Strabismus
most strabismic amblyopia is worse and can result in acuity loss in the range of up to
20/200 or rarely 20/400
Amblyopia and Strabismus
if there is no improvement in the treatment then…1. 2. 3.
- incorrect diagnosis 2. wrong rx 3. compliance SHOULD NEVER GET WORSE
Amblyopia and Strabismus
a type of amblyopia that is the most severe. physical obstacle to visual stimuli
deprivation amblyopia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
treatment for amblyope
- rx2. occlusion
Amblyopia and Strabismus
under binocular conditions, the fovea of one eye is looking in a different place than the fovea of the other
strabismus
Amblyopia and Strabismus
why does strabismus occur?
something breaks down fusion
Amblyopia and Strabismus
why does strabismus occur? 3 things
- idiopathic2. sensory -vision degrade in one eye. clarity, size and/or quality 3. mototr - eye movement restricted. neurological, innervational and or physical
Amblyopia and Strabismus
2 things to remember about cover test
- slow down 2. monitor head posture
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what are the 2 frequencies what are the 2 lateralities of strabismus
intermittent vs constant right, left, or alternating
Amblyopia and Strabismus
esos can e ______exos can be ______ verticals are typicall ______
small, moderate or large moderate or large small
Amblyopia and Strabismus
equal magnitude in all positions of gaze for a given testing distance
comitant
Amblyopia and Strabismus
change in magnitude > 5 PD in one particular gaze for a given testing
non-comitant
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what will strabismus that occurs when visual system is immature
suppression
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what will strabismus that occurs when the visual system is mature
dipolopia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what is the cuase of strabismus what is the consequence of strabismus
sensory strabismus strabismic amblyopia
Amblyopia and Strabismus
what will a significant difference in refractive error between the 2 eyes result in
breakdown of fusion as a result of difference in calirty
Amblyopia and Strabismus
uncorrected hyperopia may result in a breakdown in fusion because of the ___
overburden of accommodative convergence
Amblyopia and Strabismus
same as EOMs, excellent at detecting restrictions or overactsion
version
Amblyopia and Strabismus
monocular eoms ok at detecting restrictions, doesnt detect overactions
ductions
