Alveolar bone

Question 1

What are the layers of a tooth?

Answer 1

Enamel >PDL>Cementum> dentine > Pulp

Question 2

What is the alveolar bone?

Answer 2

forms socket wall consists of inner cortical plate of alveolar process

Question 3

What is the major protein matrix of the bone?

Answer 3

Collagen

Question 4

What are the 4 Connective tissues in periodontium?

Answer 4

Cementum
Alveolar bone
Periodontal ligaments
Lamina propria

Question 5

Which connective tissues are calcified?

Answer 5

cementum

alveolar bone

Question 6

which connective tissues are non calcified?

Answer 6

periodontal ligaments

lamina propria

Question 7

What is bone made of ?

Answer 7

65% = inorganic HAP
23%= organic e.g. Collagen type 1, calcified tissues
12%= water

Question 8

is the mandible bone chem/structurally same as ant other bone in body?

Answer 8

YES

Question 9

What are the bone structures?

Answer 9

COMPACT/CORITCAL

CANCELLOUS

Question 10

What is cancellous bone?

Answer 10

spongy bone- forms core of bone

Question 11

what are the types of compact bone?

Answer 11

Parallel plates

Haversian system

Question 12

What are lamellae ?

Answer 12

parallel plates of bone on perio/endosteal surface

Question 13

What is Haversian system?

Answer 13

when lamellae form concentric circles

Question 14

how is mature haversian bone formed?

Answer 14

lamellae remodel and removed and form around central canal

Question 15

what happens when haversian bone is laid down?

Answer 15

vascular canal smaller and mineral more dense

Question 16

What is above/below “line” that’s level to root apices?

Answer 16

alveolar process and body of mandible below

Question 17

what is the bone arrangement in mandible body?

Answer 17

compact bone outside and cancellous interior

Question 18

what is bone arrangement of alveolar process for incisor?

Answer 18

little cancellous bone and process formed from fusion of interior and exterior cortical plates

Question 19

what is bone arrangement of alveolar process for back tooth?

Answer 19

cancellous present in alv. process

Question 20

what does the inner cortical plate form?

Answer 20

socket wall>cancellous bone> outer cortical plate

Question 21

what is attached to alveolar bone?

Answer 21

periodontal ligament

Question 22

what penetrates alveolar bone from demineralized periondontal ligaments?

Answer 22

Sharpeys fibres

Question 23

what between sharpeys fibres?

Answer 23

Osteoblasts

Question 24

what are osteoblasts

Answer 24

form new bone matrix

Question 25

what is osteoid?

Answer 25

unmineralized pre bone at PDL and Bone junction

Question 26

what is immature bone with sharpeys ?

Answer 26

Bundle bone

Question 27

what happens to sharpeys when bone matures

Answer 27

fibres are now TRANSALVEOLAR and insert into adjacent tooth root

Question 28

what happens when teeth are lost ?

Answer 28

alveolar bone is reabsorbed

Question 29

what happens to alveolar crest when teeth absent?

Answer 29

reduces due to plasticity

Question 30

how is bone reabsorbed ?

Answer 30

osteoclasts break down bone

Question 31

What do osteoblasts have

Answer 31

RER

Question 32

What are Osteocytes?

Answer 32

osteoblasts entombed in bone matrix

Question 33

what are canaliculi?

Answer 33

channels so osteocytes can contact others in PDL

Question 34

What are osteoclast?

Answer 34

bone degradation found in Howships lacuna

Question 35

what is howships lacuna?

Answer 35

depression in bone

Question 36

what is border of degrading bone with osteoclasts?

Answer 36

brush boarder since microvilli

Question 37

what do microvilli help for degrading bone?

Answer 37

Inc. SA for pumping H+ and enzymes into matrix

Question 38

what do protons do for degrading bone?

Answer 38

lower ph so dissolve mineral

Question 39

what do enzymes do for degrading bone?

Answer 39

matrix degraded after minerals gone

Question 40

what is the annular zone?

Answer 40

around brush boarder where degradation localized and low ph here

Question 41

what is resting line?

Answer 41

smooth line where previous bone depostion

Question 42

what is reversal line?

Answer 42

where resorption reversed to formation | -osteoclasts move away and osteoblasts enter so new bone laid down