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ALU 301 Chapter Quiz > ALU 301 Chapter 7 Quiz > Flashcards

ALU 301 Chapter 7 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following statements regarding heart function are correct EXCEPT:
- The contraction of the muscle cells must occur at regular intervals and be synchronized
- Ventricular contractions must be forceful
- The heart valves must be competent, allowing two directional blood flow thru the heart
- The ventricles must fill adequately during diastole

A

The heart valves must be competent, allowing two directional blood flow through the heart

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2
Q

Electrical activation of myocardial cells due to the spread of an electrical impulse is called:
- contraction
- depolarization
- repolarization
- charging

A

Depolarization

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3
Q

The P wave represents:
- atrial depolarization
- ventricular repolarization
- ventricular depolarization
- time required for both depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles

A

atrial depolarization

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4
Q

All of the following factors affect heart rate EXCEPT:
- age
- gender
- fitness level
- illness

A

gender

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5
Q

The primary pacemaker of the heart is:
- Atrioventricular (AV) node
- bundle of HIS
- right bundle branch
- sinoatrial (SA) node

A

sinoatrial (SA) node

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6
Q

Which of the following statements regarding sinus arrhythmia is/are correct?
A - it is normal variant of sinus rhythm
B - there are changes in the heart rate that correspond with the phases of respiration
C - there is no mortality risk associated with it

C only is correct
A and B are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

A, B, and C are all correct

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7
Q

Which of the following is/are possible causes of atrial fibrillation?
A - pulmonary disease
B - cardiomyopathy
C - hypothyroidism

C only is correct
A and B are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

A and B are correct

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8
Q

Which of the following is included in a cardiac workup for atrial fibrillation?
A - stress imaging study
B - resting echocardiogram
C - complete blood count

A only is correct
A and B are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are all correct

A

A and B are correct

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9
Q

Which of the following can cause a complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB)?
A - left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
B - atrial septal defect (ASD)
C - coronary artery disease

A and B are correct
A and C are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

B and C are correct

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10
Q

The T wave on the EKG represents:

  • atrial depolarization
  • atrial contraction
  • ventricular repolarization
  • ventricular depolarization
A

ventricular repolarization

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11
Q

Complications associated with atrial fibrillation include all of the following EXCEPT:

  • embolic stroke
  • ischemia
  • mitral insufficiency
  • congestive heart failure
A

mitral insufficiency

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12
Q

All of the following statements regarding myocardial ischemia are correct EXCEPT:

  • it is a temporary reversible reduction in blood supply to the heart muscle
  • it is represented by T wave changes on the EKG
  • it is represented by significant Q wave on the EKG
  • it is the earliest sign of reduced coronary blood flow
A

It is represented by significant Q wave on the EKG

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13
Q

The primary EKG indicator of a previous myocardial infarction is the appearance of:

  • prolonged QRS duration
  • significant T wave inversions
  • third degree AV block
  • significant Q waves
A

significant Q waves

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14
Q

The heart arrhythmia best described as an irregularly irregular rhythm is:
- Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)
- atrial fibrillation
- sick sinus syndrome (SSS)
- unifocal PVC’s

A

atrial fibrillation

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15
Q

Which of the following is/are considered heart blocks?

A - sick sinus syndrome
B - sinoatrial (SA) block
C - prolonged QT syndrome

A only is correct
A and B are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are all correct

A

A and B are correct

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16
Q

Which of the following are significant causes of premature ventricular contractions (PVC’s)?

A - illicit drugs
B - stress
C - mitral valve prolapse

C only is correct
A and B are correct
A and C are correct
B and C are correct

A

A and C are correct

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17
Q

Which of the following are complications associated with atrial fibrillation?
A - congestive heart failure
B - hypoxia
C - embolic stroke

A only is correct
A and C are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

A and C are correct

18
Q

When every third heartbeat is a premature ventricular contraction, it is called:

  • triplet
  • ventricular tachycardia
  • trigeminy
  • couplet
A

trigeminy

19
Q

The type of heart block represented by a progressively lengthening of the PR interval is called:

  • Wenckebach
  • complete heart block
  • Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome
  • Mobitz Type II
A

Wenckebach

20
Q

All of the following are atrial arrhythmias EXCEPT:

  • premature junctional contractions
  • premature atrial contractions
  • atrial tachycardias
  • premature ventricular contractions
A

premature junctional contractions

21
Q

Which of the following are considered heart blocks?
A- Mobitz Type I
B - WPW
C - sinus arrest

A only is correct
C only is correct
A and B are correct
A and C are correct

A

A and C are correct

22
Q

Which of the following statements regarding bundle branch blocks is/are correct?

A- the electrical impulse is impeded from the atria to the ventricles
B - dizziness is a common symptom
C - the QRS complex is abnormally wide

A only is correct
C only is correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

C only is correct

23
Q

EKG abnormalities are categorized into all of the following areas EXCEPT:

  • cardiac hypertrophy
  • heart rhythm
  • ejection fraction
  • axis or position of the heart
A

ejection fraction

24
Q

All of the following statements regarding electrophysiology procedures are correct EXCEPT:

  • it is called HIS bundle
  • it does not attempt to induce arrhythmias
  • it measures the heart conduction system
  • it is used to distinguish impulse formation disorders
A

it does not attempt to induce arrhythmias

25
Q

All of the following statements regarding heart murmurs are correct EXCEPT:
- the intensity of the murmur is related to the severity of the valvular impairment
- high pitched sounds of short duration occurring in systole are often associated with mitral valve prolapse
- physicians capture accurate descriptions of a murmur via physical exam using a stethoscope
- a grade 2 murmur is described as soft but easily heard

A

physicians capture accurate descriptions of a murmur via physical exam using a stethoscope

26
Q

Which of the following cardiac tests is the most sensitive for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease?

  • EKG
  • stress echo
  • stress EKG
  • CT angiogram
A

CT angiogram

27
Q

All of the following are types of murmurs EXCEPT:

  • systolic
  • diastolic
  • inorganic
  • continuous
A

inorganic

28
Q

The test that uses high frequency impulses to visualize the structure and function of the heart is:

  • holter monitor
  • EKG
  • echocardiogram
  • transesophageal echo (TEE)
A

echocardiogram

29
Q

All of the following lab tests are used to identify an acute coronary syndrome EXCEPT:

  • troponin I
  • CPK-MM (also known as CPK-3)
  • lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH)
  • aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
A

CPK-MM (CPK-MM is found mostly in skeletal muscles.

CPK-BB and CPK-MB are used.

30
Q

The diagnostic finding most related to coronary artery disease on a stress test is:

  • ST segment depression
  • presence of arrhythmias
  • PR prolongation
  • inverted P waves
A

ST segment depression

31
Q

A transesophageal echo (TEE) can be used to evaluate which of the following conditions?

A - atrial septal defect (ASD)
B - sick sinus syndrome (SSS)
C - endocarditis

A only is correct
B only is correct
A and C are correct
B and C are correct

A

A and C are correct

32
Q

The best indicator of the hearts left ventricular function is the:

  • heart rate
  • ejection fraction
  • septal wall thickness
  • left ventricular posterior wall thickness
A

ejection fraction

33
Q

ST segment changes seen on a stress test are likely related to coronary artery disease EXCEPT:

  • those persisting longer than one minute into the recovery phase
  • those greater than 1.5mm at peak exercise
  • those occurring in multiple leads
  • those seen prior to exercise
A

those seen prior to exercise

34
Q

Elevated lab tests that can indicate a recent myocardial infraction include which of the following?

A - creatinine phosphokinase (CPK)
B - aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
C - troponins

A only is correct
B only is correct
A and C only are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

A, B, and C are correct

35
Q

Which of the following statements regarding troponins is/are correct?

A - they are normally found in trace quantities in the blood
B - they are the most sensitive and specific biomarkers for myocardial damage
C - they are elevated only when other biomarkers are elevated

B only is correct
C only is correct
A and B only are correct
B and C are correct

A

A and B are correct

36
Q

All of the following are common reasons why a stress test is discontinued EXCEPT:

  • the presence of abnormal blood pressure changes
  • minimum performance is achieved
  • symptoms of ischemia occur
  • attaining the predetermined end point
A

minimum performance is achieved

37
Q

A rational method to minimize the diagnostic uncertainty surrounding cardiac testing is called:

  • Clark’s conditional probability
    -doppler premise
  • Bayes Theorem
  • cardiac testing
A

Bayes Theorem

38
Q

Hypokinesis as it related to an echocardiogram is:

  • increased heart wall motion
  • absence of heart wall motion
  • reduced heart wall motion
  • normal heart wall motion
A

reduced heart wall motion

39
Q

All of the following statements about positron emission testing (PET) are correct EXCEPT:

  • it is an accurate method for identifying how much the heart has been damaged by infarction
  • it is commonly used in clinical medicine
  • it is an expensive test to perform
  • there is limited access to these machines
A

it is commonly used in clinical medicine

40
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the diagnostic advantages of a CT angiogram is/are correct?

A - it is a noninvasive study
B - it can detect small non obstructive atherosclerotic plaques
C - it is able to detect calcium particles on arterial walls

A only is correct
A and B are correct
B and C are correct
A, B, and C are correct

A

A and B are correct

41
Q

All of the following statements regarding the NT-proBNP lab test are correct EXCEPT:

  • it is synthesized predominately by the cardiac ventricles response to cardiac stress
  • elevations can suggest valvular heart disease
  • it is used in the monitoring of those with heart failure
  • normal levels do not vary with age or gender
A

normal levels do not vary with age or gender

ALU 301 Chapter Quiz (9 decks)

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