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GIT > Altered Patterns Of GIT > Flashcards

Altered Patterns Of GIT Flashcards

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Git Commands flashcards
1
Q

What are GIT symptoms?

A

Abdo pain
Cramps
Nausea and vomiting
Flatulence
Bleeding
Anorexia
Diarrhoea

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2
Q

How do we characterise nausea?

A

Contraction of duodenum
Slowing gastric motility
Slowing of emptying

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3
Q

When does vomiting occur?

A

Occurs when the stomach is overly irritated, excited or distended

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4
Q

What complications can occur with vomiting?

A

Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalance
Aspiration
Mallory Weiss tear

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5
Q

How does gastritis occur?

A

Mucosa becomes oedematous and congested. It then undergoes superficial erosion(bleeding may occur). This secretes a scanty amount of gastric juices.

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6
Q

Medications for vomiting

A

Antiemetics

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7
Q

Symtoms of vomiting

A

Anorexia
Desire to vomit
Dehydration
Diaphoresis
Increased salivation

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8
Q

Symtoms of acute gastritis

A

Nausea and vomiting
Epigastric tenderness
Headache
Anorexia

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9
Q

What causes chronic gastritis

A

Repeated alcohol use
Medications(NSAIDS)
Chronic bile reflux
Helicobacter pylori

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10
Q

What causes gastro oesophageal reflux?

A

Hiatal hernias
Improper relaxation of LOS
Decreased gastric emptying

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11
Q

Who is at risk of GO reflux?

A

Pregnant women
Obese women
Habitual users is stimulants ie coffee
People with hiatus hernias
People who eat high fat diets

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12
Q

What are the complications of GO reflux

A

Oesophageal stricture
GI bleed
Dysphagia
Bronchospasm
Barrett’s oesophagus

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13
Q

What diet is best for people suffering with GO reflux

A

Low fat high fibre diet

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14
Q

What medications treat GO reflux and give examples

A

Antacids eg gaviscon
Histamine receptor blockers eg cimetidine
Proton pump inhibitors eg omerprazole

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15
Q

What surgery treats GO reflux and hiatus hernias?

A

Nissen Fundoplication

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16
Q

What is a nissen fundoplication?

A

The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the lower portion of the oesophagus. This creates a more effective valve. This prevents gastric acid reflux

17
Q

What is a Mallory Weiss tear? How is it caused?

A

A tear in the tissue of the lower oesophagus. Caused by violent coughing and vommitting

18
Q

What is Barrett’s oesophagus?

A

Oesophagus becomes damaged by acid reflux, causing the lining to thicken and become inflammed *see pics online to remember

19
Q

What are the complications of hiatus hernias?

A

Severe chronic oesophagitis
Ulcerations on the herniated part of stomach
Haemorrhage
Strangulation

GIT (7 decks)

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