Altered Mental Status Flashcards
Two types of Hemorrhagic Stroke
Subarachnoid bleed - surface of the brain
Intracerebral hemorrhage - inside the brain
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
Hemiparesis
Weakness on one side of the body
Cardizem
Calcium channel blocker (Afib)
Paradxa and Xarelto
Anti-coaglants
Withhold O2 from stoke patients with;
> 95% SP02
Target on scene time for stroke
<15 mins
Postictal states typically last:
5-30 mins
Gabapentin (nuerontin)
Sz Med
Phenobarbital
Sz Med
Lyrica
Sz Med
Lamictal
Sz Med
Tegretol
Sz Med
Seizures lasting over 30 mins
Status Elepticus (Medical emergency)
TIA
Stroke symptoms lasting less than 24 hours
Epidural Hematoma
Fx to the skull causing the meningeal artery to bleed into the dura mater.
Lucid Interval
Period of normality after waking up from a head injury
Subdural hematoma
Venous bleeding under the dura mater, from head injury
Distraction of the spinal column
Stretching along its axis
Subluxation of the spinal column
Misaligned vertebrae
Gustatory
Sense of taste
Olfactory
Sense of smell
Nervous system input is __________
Sensory
Nervous system output is __________
Nueromuscular
Brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System
Nerves reaching to the organs of the body
Peripheral Nervous System
Center for conscious thought
Cerebrum
Center for memory
Cerebrum
Center for personality
Cerebrum
Center for speech
Cerebrum
Center for motor function
Cerebrum
Center for visual perception
Cerebrum
Center for tactile impulses
Cerebrum
Center for coordination of body movement
Cerebellum
Center for balance
Cerebellum
“Little Brain”
Cerebellum
A stroke in this part of the brain may cause a person to be “uncoordinated and have vertigo” with no other deficits.
Cerebellum
Center for respiratory and cardiac functions
Brain stem
Center for digestion
Brain stem
Center for glandular secretions
Brain stem
Center for the Autonomic Nervous System
Brain stem
Hole in the base of the skull
Foramen Magnum
Lateral process of the vertabrae
Transverse Process
System allowing a much faster reaction time
Spinal reflex arc
Voluntary peripheral nervous system
Somatic
Involuntary peripheral nervous system
Autonomic
Somatic spinal nerves carry ____________
Sensory info into and motor commands out of spinal cord
Somatic cranial nerves are responsible for?
Sight
Smell
Taste
Movement of the tongue
Autonomic nervous system branches
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
“Fight or Flight” Nervous System
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic nervous system
Slows the heart and respiratory rate. Diverts blood from muscles to the GI tract for digestion.
L.A.M.S.
Los Angeles Motor Scale
LAMS should take
20-30 secs
Anisocoria
Unequal pupil size
Presentation of seizures in children and infants
May be more subtle
Common cause of seizures in children from 6 months to 6 years.
Fever
Seizure signs in infants
Sucking motions, roving eye movements or repeated bicycling motions
Treatment of febrile seizures
Cool with tepid water
Child with photophobia, headache and a stiff neck may have:
Meningitis
Rare symptom of meningitis in children
Unusual rash consisting of tiny pinpoint red dots, sometimes merging into splotches of purple or black
are children or adults more prone to nausea and vomiting?
Children
Dementia vs delirium
Dementia has a slow progressive onset, delirium occurs relatively quickly
As you age your brain _______stretching vessels making them more prone to ___________
Shrinks, tearing
TPA
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
