Alphabetic Basics Flashcards
Phonemic Awareness
Recognition of phonemes, ability to segment words into constituent phonemes, ability to blend phonemes and substitute phonemes to make new words
Phonological Awareness
Recognition of distinct segments of spoken sound: words, syllables, and phonemes
Phoneme
Smallest unit of sound
/s/, /ch/, /f/
Syllable
A word or distinct segment of a word that is naturally pronounced in a single, uninterrupted vocalization
Voiced and Unvoiced consonants
Voiced consonants make your vocal cords vibrate; Unvoiced do not
V: b, d, g
Uv: p,t,k
Morpheme
Smallest unit having meaning: base words, prefixes, and suffixes
{bio} {-ist} {-logy}
Phonics
Study of relationships between sounds and their written form
Grapheme
Symbols that represent phonemes (i.e. Letters)
Digraphs
Graphemes made up of more than one letter, such as /ch/
Segmenting
Breaking down words into component phonemes
Blending
Combining previously learned phonemes to form words
Decoding
Use of spelling patterns and phonemic awareness to recognize words. Comprehension of words not necessary during this phase.
What two traits should phonics instruction have?
It should be explicit and systematic. Teacher should take deliberate course of action introducing phoneme-grapheme relationships and the material should be organized so that the students are lead from phonemes to groups of phonemes to words
What is the structure of synthetic phonics?
Starts at phoneme level and builds toward word level. Must be systematic and explicit. This style uses blending and segmenting and is the most preferred.
Analytic phonics
Starts at whole word level and then analyzes their component phonemes
What is the smallest element of spoken language?
Phoneme
Which of the following is a morpheme?
A. {sca-}
B {a-}
C. {tr-}
D {-nk}
B ad in asymmetrical
True or False:
The -ist ending is a motpheme.
True. A morpheme is smallest unit of language that can have meaning.
What is onset and rime?
They are parts of syllables; the onset is the first consonant, and rime is made up of the vowels that follow the consonants that follow the onset
What phonological awareness skill is integral to analogy phonics?
Recognizing when words begin with (onset) or end with (rime) the same sound.
What is primary difference between analogy and analytic phonics?
Analytic uses full words segmented and then blended into new words instead of phonemes out of context as does analogy phonics.
What explicit phonics instructional method begins with a spoken word and ends with a written word?
Phonics through spelling. The resultant word may not be spelled correctly, but it is still a systematic instruction towards the objective of identifying letters thar relate to specific sounds.
