Alphabet

Question 1

ā

Answer 1

ā as in father

dās, cārā

Question 2

a

Answer 2

a as in Dinah

dat, casa

Question 3

ae

Answer 3

ae as ai in aisle

cārae, saepe

Question 4

au

Answer 4

au as ou in house

aut, laudō

Question 5

b

Answer 5

b as b in boy

bō

Question 6

bs and bt

Answer 6

pronounced ps and pt

urbs, obtineō

Question 7

c

Answer 7

always hard as in can, never soft as in city

cum, cīvis, facilis

Question 8

ch

Answer 8

had the sound of ckh in blockhead, not of ch in church

chorus, Archilochus

Question 9

d

Answer 9

d as in dog dō

Question 10

e

Answer 10

e as in pet

et, set

Question 11

ē

Answer 11

ē as in they

mē, sēdēs

Question 12

ei

Answer 12

ei as in reign

deinde

Question 13

eu

Answer 13

eu as Latin e + u

seu

Question 14

f

Answer 14

f as in fish faciō

Question 15

g

Answer 15

always hard as in get, never soft as in gem

glōria, gerō

gn as in hangnail

magnus

Question 16

h

Answer 16

breathing sound, as in English, less harshly pronounced

hic, haec

Question 17

i

Answer 17

I as in pin

hic, sicca

Question 18

ī

Answer 18

ī as in machine

hīc, sīca

Question 19

i + vowel

Answer 19

At beginning of word, consonantal y

iūstus

Question 20

vowel + i + vowel

Answer 20

formed diphthong with previous vowel

and

as the consonant y

reictus, maior, cuias

Question 21

l

Answer 21

l as in lip

laudō, līber

Question 22

m

Answer 22

same as in English, pronounced with lips closed

monet

som evidence suggests final m following vowel might have been pronounced with lips open in certain instances, producing nasalization of preceding vowel

tum, etiam

Question 23

n

Answer 23

n as in nose

nihil

Question 24

o

Answer 24

o as in orb, off

os, mora

Question 25

ō

Answer 25

**ō** as in *clover* ## Footnote **ōs, mōrēs**

Question 26

oe

Answer 26

**oe** as *oi* in *oil* ## Footnote **coepit, proelium**

Question 27

p

Answer 27

p as in *pool* **pater**, **patria**

Question 28

ph

Answer 28

had the sound of *ph* in *uphill*, not the f sound of *philosophy* ## Footnote **philosophia**

Question 29

q

Answer 29

always followed by *consonantal* **u** sounding like *kw* **quid, quoque**

Question 30

r

Answer 30

trilled ## Footnote **Rōma, cūrāre**

Question 31

s

Answer 31

always voiceless as in *see*, never voiced as in *ease* with an English **z** sound ## Footnote **sed, posuissēs, mīsistis**

Question 32

t

Answer 32

the sound of *t* as in *tired*, never of *sh* as in *nation* or *ch* as in *mention* ## Footnote **taciturnitās, nātiōnem, mentiōnem**

Question 33

th

Answer 33

sound of *th* in *hothouse*, not of *th* in *thin* or *the* ## Footnote **theātrum**

Question 34

u

Answer 34

**u** as in *put* ## Footnote **tum, sum**

Question 35

ū

Answer 35

**ū** as in *rude* ## Footnote **tū, sūmō**

Question 36

ui

Answer 36

**ui** as Latin *u* + *i* Occurs only in **huius, cuius, huic, cui, hui**

Question 37

v

Answer 37

consonantal **u**, had the sound of English *w* ***vīvō, vīnum***

Question 38

x

Answer 38

had the sound of *kx* as in *axle*, not of *gz* as in *exert* ## Footnote **mixtum, exrceō**

Question 39

ÿ | (should be macron)

Answer 39

**ÿ** as in German *über*

Question 40

y

Answer 40

**y** as in French *tu*

Question 41

double consonants

Answer 41

pronounced as two separate consonants ## Footnote **current, admittent**

Question 42

Shorten Long Vowels

Answer 42

1. Before **-m**, **-r**, or **-t** at word end 2. Before **-nt** or **-nd** in any position