Allergy and Immunology

Question 1

• hemodynamic instability (hypOtension/tachycardia)
• difficulty breathing
• d/t foods, insect stings/bites, medications

Answer 1

anaphylaxis

Question 2

anaphylaxis treatment

Answer 2

1. epinephrine 1:1,000 INTRAMUSCULAR
2. corticosteroids
3. diphenhydramine or hydroxyzine

Question 3

• sudden swelling of face, palate, tongue, and airway
• minor trauma to face and hands, or ingestion of ACE inhibitor
• C1 esterase inhibitor DEFICIENCY

Answer 3

angioedema

Question 4

diagnosis of angioedema

Answer 4

low levels of C2 and C4 in complement pathway

Question 5

treatment for angioedema: ACUTE episode

Answer 5

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

Question 6

treatment for angioedema: CHRONIC episodes

Answer 6

• ecallantide, or icatibant = DOC

- danazol, or stanozolol (androgens)

Question 7

• nasal itching
• stuffiness
• rhinorrhea
• paroxysms of sneezing

Answer 7

allergic rhinitis

Question 8

mainstay treatment for allergic rhinitis

Answer 8

avoidance of allergen

Question 9

single most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis

Answer 9

intranasal corticosteroids

Question 10

cromolyn MOA

Answer 10

stabilize mast cells preventing degranulation of histamine and leukotrienes

Question 11

what MUST be stopped before DESENSITIZATION therapy

Answer 11

beta blockers

Question 12

• may only present as an ADULT
• recurrent sinopulmonary infections
• sprue-like abdominal disorder

Answer 12

common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

Question 13

test for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

Answer 13

total IgG level

will be LOW

Question 14

treatment for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

Answer 14

IVIG

Question 15

• male CHILDREN

- recurrent sinopulmonary infections

Answer 15

X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

Question 16

diagnostic testing for X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

Answer 16

1. LN’s, adenoids, and spleen are diminished

2. no B cells = no immunoglobulins

Question 17

treatment for X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

Answer 17

IVIG

Question 18

• most common primary immunodeficiency
• recurrent sinopulmonary infections
• sprue-like malabsorption syndrome
• atopy
• ANAPHYLAXIS WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS

Answer 18

IgA deficiency

Question 19

treatment for IgA deficiency

Answer 19

treat infections

Question 20

recurrent Staphylococcus skin infections

Answer 20

hyper IgE syndrome

Question 21

treatment for IgE syndrome

Answer 21

treat infections