Allergic Rhinitis Flashcards
What is allergic rhinitis also known as?
Hay fever
What drives allergic rhinitis?
Allergen-driven IgE-mediated hypersensitivity response
What does the IgE mediated response result in?
Mucosal inflammation of the nasal passages
What are the risk factors for allergic rhinitis?
- Asthma
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Atopic dermatitis
How can symptoms of allergic rhinitis vary?
- Seasonal
- Perennial
- Episodic
What are the symptoms of allergic rhinitis?
- Sneezing
- Rhinorrhoea
- Nasal congestion
What are the signs of allergic rhinitis?
- Mouth breathing
- Post-nasal drip
- Cough
- Nose rubbing
- Suborbital venous congestion
- Watery-red eyes
What investigations can be useful when considering allergic rhinitis?
- Skin prick test for specific antigens
- Specific serum IgE measurements
What are the common triggers for allergic rhinitis?
- Pollen
- Dust mite (excrement)
- Mould spores
- Animal fur (dead skin in the fur)
What animals often cause allergic rhinitis?
Cats and dogs
What are the differentials for allergic rhinitis?
Common cold
What conservative management step can be used to manage allergic rhinitis?
Avoidance of triggers
What medications can relieve symptoms?
- Antihistamines
- Montelukast
- Intra-nasal steroids
