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Pharmacology > Allergic Rhinitis > Flashcards

Allergic Rhinitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is our first line of immune defense?

A

Nasal mucosa

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2
Q

What is our nasal mucosa lined with?

A

mast cells

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3
Q

What is the best H-1 Receptor antagonist to use in a pregnant women?

A

Chlorpheniramine

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4
Q

List the 2nd generation H1-Receptor Antagonist

A
  1. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

2. Fexofenadine (Allegra)

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5
Q

Anithistamine Adverse reactions

A
  1. Anticholinergic effects**
  2. CNS depression: Sedations
  3. Parodixical excitement
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6
Q

Decongestants MOA

A
  1. Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors= vasoconstriction
  2. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors= bronchial relaxation, increased HR, increased contractility
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7
Q

What can overuse of topical intranasal decongestants cause?

A

Rebound congestion within 3-5 days

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8
Q

When do you see therapeutic benefit of inhaled corticosteroids?

A

Peak response= 2-3 weeks

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9
Q

What are inhaled corticosteroids useful in treatment of?

A

Nasal polyps

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10
Q

inhaled corticosteroids adverse runs

A
  1. HA
  2. Pharyngitis
  3. Cough
  4. Epistaxis
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11
Q

H-2 Receptor Antagonist=Dirty

A

Cimetidine

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12
Q

When is it useful to use a H-2 Receptor Antagonist?

A

in combination with H-1 blocker in allergic reaction, urticaria

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13
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine MOA

A

Direct central action in medulla

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14
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine ADEs

A
  1. CNS Depression
  2. Drug abuse
  3. Nausea
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15
Q

Benzonatate MOA

A

Suppresses cough by topical anesthetic action on respirator stretch receptors

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16
Q

Benzonatate ADEs

A

Mental confusion
Visual hallucinations
Sedation

17
Q

DXM Adverse reaction

A

Serotonin Syndrome

–>drug interaction with SSRIs

18
Q

Dextromethrophan (DXM) MOA

A
  1. Decreases sensitivity of cough receptors

2. Suppresses medullary cough center

19
Q

Guaifenesin MOA

A

Irritating gastric mucosa and stimulating respiratory tract secretions:
-Increasing respiratory fluid volumes
-Decreasing mucous viscosity
Immediate release every 4 hours

20
Q

Guaifenesin ADEs

A

Dizziness, drowsiness
Headache
Nausea, vomiting

21
Q

Guaifenesin monitoring

A

Hydration status

-thins your mucus! use in COPD pt’s

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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