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BNF Respiratory > Allergic conditions > Flashcards

Allergic conditions Flashcards

1
Q

examples of non sedating antihistamines

A

cetirizine, loratidine, fexofenadine, acrivastine, mizolastine

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2
Q

What is Grazax?

A

an oral preparation of grass pollen extract used for disease modifying treatment of grass pollen induced rhinitis

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3
Q

What immunoglobulin does Omalizumab bind to>

A

IgE

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4
Q

How is anaphylaxis treated?

A
  • Secure airway, restore BP (lay pt flat, raise legs)
  • Adrenaline 500mcg IM
  • high flow oxygen + IVF
  • antihistamines by slow IV /IM
  • IV corticosteroids
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5
Q

How many days of antihistamines + steriods should a patient receive on discharge following anaphylaxis?

A

3 days to reduce risk of further reaction

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6
Q

When would you consider using IV adrenaline during anaphylaxis?

A

If the patient is severely ill and there isreal doubt about the adequacy of the circulation and absorption after IM injection ( IV is also used for cardiac resus)

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7
Q

How should hereditary angioedema be treated?

A

C1 esterase inhibitor e.g Icatibant and Conestat alfa

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8
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for a child age 1 month - 5 years?

A

150 mcg

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9
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for a child age 6 - 11 years?

A

300 mcg

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10
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for a child age 12 - 17 years?

A

500mcg

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11
Q

What is the dose of adrenaline for an adult?

A

500mcg

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12
Q

What is the active ingredient in Benadryl allergy relief?

A

Acrivastine ( non sedating)

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13
Q

How should Bilastine antihistamine (non sedating) be taken?

A

1 hour before or 2 hours after food / fruit juice

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14
Q

At what renal function should cetirizine be avoided?

A

eGFR <10

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15
Q

What is the MHRA warning regarding OTC cough and cold medicines>

A

Cough / cold medicines containing chloramphenamine should not be given to children<6

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16
Q

What age is Chloramphenamine syrup not licensed for?

A

Children <1 year

17
Q

Do POM restriction apply when giving chloramphenamine in emergency?

A

No, restrictions do not apply when giving via IV / IM in emergency

18
Q

What is the MHRA warning associated with the sedatin antihistamine, Hydroxyzine?

A

Risk of QT prolongation + torsades de pointes

19
Q

What antihistamine may interefere with the methacholine test?

A

Hydroxyzine

20
Q

Children under what age should not receie cough and cold medications containing promethazine?

A

6 years

21
Q

Examples of mucolytics

A

Carbocisteine, acetylcysteine, erdosteine

22
Q

What is the only indication for which carbocisteine is contra-indicated?

A

active peptic ulcer

BNF Respiratory (6 decks)

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