All You Need is Love and Friendship Flashcards

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1
Q

what is attraction necessary for?

A
  • for friendships to form
  • can be the precursor to an intimate relationship
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2
Q

what is the necessary first step for forming social relationship?

A
  • affiliation
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3
Q

what factors influence attraction and liking?

A
  • physical appearance (as explained by evolutionary theory, youthful, facial symmetry)
  • ideals (characteristics, explained by social and cognitive perspective, warmth-trustworthiness)
  • proximity (living close by, more likely to choose friends that live in same building as you)
  • similarity (similar attitudes)
  • familiarity (can increase how comfortable we are with person, mere exposure effect)
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4
Q

define self-disclosure

A
  • willingness of sharing of intimate information and feelings with another person
  • mutual disclosing of information
  • central processes in developing and maintaining relationships
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5
Q

what does Ruben (1973) say about love and liking?

A
  • loving is different than liking a person
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6
Q

what two categories of love are there?

A
  • passionate/romantic love
  • companionate love
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7
Q

explain passionate love

A
  • intense emotional state
  • feel more positive, increases self-esteem
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8
Q

explain companionate love

A
  • less intense than passionate love
  • feelings of friendly affection and deep attachment
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9
Q

outline Hatfield and Walster (1981) 3-factor theory of love

A
  • suggests that passionate love is product of three factors
  • cultural concept of love (cultural determinate that suggests love as a state
  • appropriate person to love (based on past learning of concept of love)
  • emotional arousal (self-labelled love, felt when thinking about a person)
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10
Q

outline Dutton & Aron (1974) study into attractiveness and arousal

A
  • had male ppts cross either a wobbly suspension bridge over high canyon
    OR
  • cross solid bridge over small river
  • attractive female researcher approached and administered questionnaire and gave name + number
  • found the ppts on fear-arousing suspension bridge = more likely to contact researcher
  • shows arousal felt from bridge task was transferred to researcher
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11
Q

outline the triangular theory of love (Sternberg, 1986)

A
  • suggested love is based on 3 factors
  • intimacy - feelings of warmth, closeness, connection
  • passion - drive that leads to romance, physical attraction
  • commitment - to maintain relationship
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12
Q

what is ‘amount’ of love experienced dependent on?

A
  • strength of the components outlined in triangular theory of love
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13
Q

what is ‘type’ of love experienced dependent on?

A
  • the strength relative to each of the components of love outlined in triangular theory of love
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14
Q

what components of triangular theory of love are needed for ‘liking’?

A
  • intimacy
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15
Q

what components of triangular theory of love are needed for ‘romantic love’?

A
  • intimacy
  • passion
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16
Q

what components of triangular theory of love are needed for ‘companionate love’?

A
  • intimacy
  • commitment
17
Q

what components of triangular theory of love are needed for ‘consummate love’?

A
  • intimate
  • commitment
  • passion
18
Q

outline the social exchange theory

A
  • based on economic approach to behaviour
  • idea that humans want to maximise the benefits and minimise the costs in relationship
  • relationships can be seen as unsatisfactory when costs exceed rewards
  • expectations about cost and reward in relationships based on comparing current with past relationships
19
Q

what does the equity theory about relationships suggest?

A
  • ratio of inputs to outcomes should be fair
  • we strive for equity in relationships