All Key Dates Flashcards
1483 (one thing)
- Richard III usurps the throne; disappearance of the Princes of the Tower, Buckingham’s revolt against Richard III
1485 (four things) - vital
- August 22nd ~ Henry Tudor defeated Richard III a the Battle of Bosworth and became the first Tudor king of England
- 30 October ~ Henry’s coronation
- 7 November ~ Henry’s first parliament
- Henry dated back his reign by one day to the 21st of August so he was no able to declare his opponents traitors
1486 (six things) - vital
- 18 January ~ Henry married Elizabeth of York
- March ~ Henry begins first progress to the Midlands and the North
- April ~ Challenge to Henry VII by Francis Lovell and the Stafords
- 19 September: Birth of Prince Arthur
- Henry’s right to be king confirmed by the papacy
- November ~ Rumors that - - Lambert Simnel is claiming to be the Earl of Warwick
1487 (four things) - vital all on pretenders
- Pretender ~ Lambert Simnel
- February ~ Henry parades the real Earl of Warwick in London
- April ~ De la Pole escapes to Burgundy, Henry begins to raise troops
- May ~ De la Pole and Lovell in Ireland, Simnel crowned king in Dublin
- June ~ Rebel army defeated at the Battle of Stoke by Henry VII, the last battle of the War of the Roses
1489 (two things) - vital
- Tax revolt in Yorkshire, Yorkshire Rebellion
- Treaty of Medina del Campo;
1490 (one thing)
Jasper Tudor created head of the Council of Wales and the Marches
1491 (one thing) - pretender
Fall of Brittany; emergence of Perkin Warbeck in Cork claiming to be Richard, Duke of York
1492 (two things)
- Treaty of Etaples
- Warbeck in France
1495 (five things) - vital + sort of turning point
- Vagabonds and Beggars Act
- JPs given powers to arrest suspects and replace corrupt jurors
- Execution of Sir William Stanley for treason
- 1493-95 ~ Warbeck in Burgundy and the Holy Roman Empire
- July ~ Warbeck forced to Scotland and then Cornwall in September
1497 (one thing) - rebellion
Rebellion in Cornwall
1498 (one thing) - vital
Warbeck arrested and taken to the Tower
1499 (one thing) - vital
- The execution of Perkin Warbeck and the Earl of Warwick, rivals to Henry for the English throne
1504 (one thing)
Parliamentary opposition to Henry VII’s taxation
1509 (two things) - vital
- Henry VII dies and is replaced by his son Henry VIII
- Henry had 6 parliamentary sessions over 24 years
1511 (one thing)
1511-12 ~ First French War
1513 (one thing) - Turning point
The introduction of the Tudor subsidy, a more modern form of taxation
1514 (one thing) - religion
Thomas Wosley made Archbishop of York
1515 (three things)
- Hunne case causes anti clerical feeling in parliament
- November ~ Thomas Wosley appointed Cardinal by the Pope
- December ~ Wosley made Lord Chancellor
1518 (one thing) - vital - religion
Thomas Wosley appointed papal legate
1523 (one thing) - money
Parliamentary opposition to high levels of taxation
1525 (Two things)
- Princess Mary and Henry Fitzroy sent to Wales and the North as figureheads
- The Amicable Grant
1526 (one thing) - reforms
Eltham Ordinances
1527 (one thing)
Henry begins annulment proceedings
1529 (two things) - vital
- Fall of Wolsey; beginning of the Reformation of Parliament
- Mortuaries Act
1531 (one thing)
Vagabonds Act (Poor Law)
1532 (three things)
- Act in Conditional Restraints of Annates
- Submission of the clergy
- More resigns as Lord Chancellor; Thomas Cromwell becomes the king’s chief adviser
1533 (four things) - vital
- Thomas Cranmer is made Archbishop of Canterbury
- January ~ Anne Boleyns’s pregnancy is announced, henry marries Anne in secret
- April ~ Act in Restraint of Appeals
- May ~ Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon is annulled by Thomas Cranmer
1534 (four things) - vital for religious reasons
- Act of Supremacy made Henry VIII Head of the Church in England instead of the pope
- Collection of the 1534 subsidy
- Succession Act
- Treason Act
1535 (one thing) - Turning point
First Law in Wales Act unifies Welsh and English government
1536 (four things) - some vital
- Act for Extinguishing the Authority of the Bishop of Rome
- Act of Ten Articles; Cromwell’s injunctions to the Clergy; -
- Act for the Dissolution of the Smaller Monasteries
- Lincolnshire rebellion followed by The Pilgrimage of Grace: 40,000 rebels protest against Henry VII’s religious policy
1537 (three things) - vital
Turning point
- January ~ Bigod’s rising
- The reorganisation of the Council of the North creates a more effective government in the region
- Council of the North re-established
1539 (one thing)
Second Act for the dissolution of the monasteries passed in parliament
1540 (two things) - turning point
- The reorganisation of the Privy Council creates a more modern, professional Council to advise the monarch and run day-to-day affairs
- Execution of Cromwell
1541 (two things)
- Unrest in the North; Henry VIII visits York
- Irish chieftains acknowledge Henry VIII as King of Ireland
1542 (one thing) turning point - governance
Second Law in Wales Act
1547 (three things) - vital
- Henry VIII dies, the accession of Edward VI
- Henry VIII had 9 parliamentary sessions over 38 years
As Edward was young, Edward Seymour becomes Lord Protector - Vagrancy Act
1548 (two things)
- Failure of John Hales’ anti-enclosure bills
- Enclosure commission issued by Somerset, but unsuccessful
1549 (five things) - some vital
- Enclosure riots in the Midlands and South East lead to Kett’s rebellion (June- August) which poses a serious threat to the social and economic structures of Tudor England
- 1549 Radical religious reform including the First Prayer Book
- This led to the Western rebellion (or Prayer Book rebellion)
- JPs ordered to take inventories of parish goods and prosecute anyone found to have stolen them
- Somerset replaced by Lord President Northumberland
1552 (four things)
- Second Book of Common Prayer published
- Poor Law Act
- Act of Parliament laid down that all alehouses had to be licensed by JPs
- JPs ordered to enforce the Second Prayer Book
1553 (two things) - vital
- Edward VI dies, accession of Mary Tudor after the defeat of Lady Jane Grey conspiracy
- Edward VI had 4 parliamentary session over 6 years
1554 (two things) - vital religion and rebellion
- Repeal of the Act of Supremacy; England returns to Rome
- Wyatt rebellion; execution of Northumberland and Lady Jane Grey
1555 (two things) - vital
- Parliamentary opposition to the exiles bill
- Mary restores the Pope as head of the Church
1556 (two things) - religion and other
- The Earl of Sussex begins policy of plantation in Ireland
- Execution of Archbishop Cranmer; Cardinal Reginald - Pope appointed as Archbishop of Canterbury instead
1558 (three things) -vital
- Mary I dies, accession of Elizabeth
- Mary held 4 parliamentary sessions over 5 years
- Second Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity
1559 (Four things) - vital - religion
- 31 March ~ Disputation between protestants and catholics leads to a protestant victory and imprisonment of two bishops
- 2 April ~ Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis between England and France
- April ~ Supremacy and Uniformity bill passed
- June ~ Publication of Injunctions to the Clergy
1561 (one thing) - monarchy
Mary, Queen of Scots returns to Scotland
1562 (one thing) - Vital - religion
Convocation passes the Thirty-Nine Articles but Elizabeth surpasses Article 29 until 1571
1563 (three things) - turning point - governance
- Statute of Artificers passed: this is a first attempt to regulate wages and employment
- Statute of Artificers made JPs responsible for fixing local wages
- Act for the Relief of the Poor made JPs responsible for supervising the collection of poor relief donations
1566 (two things) - religion and monarchs
- The ‘vestment controversy’ leads to the ‘Book of Advertisements’
- Birth of James VI of Scotland
1567 (one thing) - foreign policy
Arrival of Spanish troops to suppress Dutch Revolt
1568 (one thing)
May ~ Mary Queen of Scots arrives in England posing a threat to Elizabeth’s position as Queen of England
1569 (one thing) - Vital
- The revolt of the Northern Earls supports Mary and is a reaction to Elizabeth’s policies in the North of England
1570 (three things) - one vital
- Revolt of the Northern Earls subsides
- Publication of papal bull ‘regnans in Excelsis’ that excommunicated Elizabeth I
- Introduction of English-style councils in Connaught and Munster
1571 (two things)
- Treason Act; Act against bulls from Rome
- Ridolfi Plot
1572 (three things)
- Poor Law Act
- Parliament made JPs responsible for listing the poor in each parish
- Massacre of St Bartholomew’s Eve; execution of the -Dukes of Norfolk and Northumberland
1574 (two things)
- 1574-76 ~ Failure of English plantations in Ulster
- Arrival of first seminary priests in England
1576 (two things)
- Peter Wentworth challenges Elizabeth in parliament
- Poor Law Act
1577 (two things)
- Elizabeth suspends Edmund Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury
- Execution of first seminary priest, Cuthbert Mayne
1579 (one thing)
- 1579-83 ~Rebellion in Munster and plantation of Munster begins
1580 (two things)
- Philip II annexes Portugal
- Arrival of first Jesuit priests, Robert Parsons and Edmund Campion
1581 (one thing)
Act for the Queen’s Safety; Act against Jesuits and Seminary Priests
1583 (one thing)
Throckmorton plot
1584 (one thing)
Assassination of William of Orange
1585 (two things) - Vital
- The Lord Lieutenant system becomes permanent, improving England’s military organisation
- England enters war with Spain
1586 (one thing)
Babington Plot
1587 (two things) - Vital
- Antony Cope and Peter Wentworth attempt to introduce their own Prayer Book through parliament
- Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots
1588 (one thing) - Vital
The Spanish Armada is launched, an attempt by the Catholic Phillip of Spain to undermine Elizabeth’s control of England
1594 (one thing) - Vital
Outbreak of Tyrone’s revolt in the Ulster against English government policy in Ireland
1596 (one thing) - Vital
English expedition to Cadiz and second Spanish Armada
1598 (one thing) - tuning point
Act of Relief of the Poor creates an improved system of provision for the poor, Vagabonds Act
1599 (one thing)
Earl of Essex sent to Ireland
1600 (one thing)
Mountjoy sent to Ireland
1601 (three things)
- Act for the Relief of the Poor
- Spanish Force lands at Kinsale; Tyrone defeated
- Essex rebellion
1603 (two things)
- The death of Elizabeth I brings an end to the Tudor dynasty. Tyrone’s revolt is ended with a peace treaty
- Elizabeth held 10 parliamentary sessions over 45 years .