all general knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

styles characterized by linear forms and open space

A

japanese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

floral design period of which is little known

A

middle ages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

designs of what period were masses of flowers with no focal point and poor proportion

A

Victorian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

styles used to decorate Buddhist temples

A

Chinese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 4 groups that plant material is classified into based on form and shape

A

line
mass
form
filler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

focal point is

A

the area of a design that attracts the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nesting

A

the pricing method that is used when a collection of goods are sold at a single price

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

arrangements consisting of many flowers in geometric forms

A

mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when ordering wholesale flowers one should consider

A

availability
keeping quality
price

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

distribution of visual weight

A

balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

focal point of a design is usually

A

in the lower center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 ancient styles of floral arranging

A

oriental and asian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

texture of a carnation

A

coarse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

proper temp to store roses and carnations

A

45-50 F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

foliages below the water line should be removed to

A

keep leaves from decaying which makes the water go bad faster
prevent photosynthesis
prevent leaves from using stored food in the stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

preservatives

A

acidify water
reduce bacteria growth
food source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

size of a container is determined by

A

size of flowers
place where arrangement is to be placed
shape of design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

florist wire

A

support stem
prevent flower heads from breaking off
hold flowers and foliage in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

accent

A

distinct texture
odd item
unique color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

to extend the life of a cut flower one should

A

choose decent material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

wetting agents improve

A

flowers ability to take up water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

process of finding new customers

A

prospecting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

telephone messages should include

A

name of person being called
date, time of call, your name
action to be taken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cool calling

A

calling of prospects that fit a certain criteria of type and size of business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

market situation in a market analysis

A

product descriptions
existing competition
info about supply and demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

objective of market analysis

A

develop a marketing plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

potential customer profile

A

characteristics of potential buyers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

four areas of an action plan

A

product
price
place
promotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

research in developing market plans is

A

careful and diligent study to gain knowledge about a market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are 3 of the 5 questions a display should answer

A

what is the product
how much does it cost
is it worth it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

a display should not sell on

A

price

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what are 3 of the 6 major display arrangements

A

wedge
repetition
radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

before setting up a display

A

a drawing or sketch should be made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what are 3 of the main steps to developing a display plan

A

establish a theme
determine product or service to be featured
select the display arrangement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

most important factor of your continued success in the sales field

A

selling skills you develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

part of a classic advertisement that supplies the customer with facts and info about the product

A

body copy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

do prices always need to be indicated in an arrangement

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

a P.O.P sign

A

point of purchase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

acceleration of flowering by manipulation of environmental conditions

A

forcing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

a good growing medium does what

A

provide for storage of water
provide storage capacity for nutrients
support the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

most important environmental factor in orchid culture

A

watering and water quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

genus and species name for carnation

A

Dianthus caryophyllus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

most important greenhouse pest

A

two-spotted spider mite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

fungus gnat damage to potted plants is caused by the

A

larval stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

mass marketing is the sale of floral products in

A

supermarkets
high-traffic locations
large discount stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

costs associated with making an arrangement, decorating a blooming plant, or creating wedding flowers are called:

A

direct costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

grouping of closely spaced flowers, net, and accessories in a hand-held floral arrangement

A

nosegay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

optimum pH for azaleas

A

4.5-5.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

most popular mechanic item used to support arrangements

A

floral foam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

provides aeration in the root media

A

perlite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

when seedlings grown indoors are moved outdoors, they must be– to be able to survive in the new environment

A

hardened off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

red, pink or white portion of a poinsettia

A

bracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

hydrometer measures

A

humidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

summer-blooming perennials that produce dense, bristly balls of blue

A

globe thistle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

most commonly used design for all purpose vase arrangements and baskets

A

symmetrical triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

process used to produce well-branched, compact plants with many flowers

A

pinching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

genus and species name for Amaryllis

A

Hippeastrub vittatum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

plant that lives more than 2 years

A

perennial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

best kind of soil to plant most flowers in

A

loam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

best time to water flowering plants

A

morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

best time to thin outdoor plants

A

when they have 2 sets of leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

how many essential nutrients are essential to plant growth and reproduction

A

seventeen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

tiny pests that can wreck havoc on flowering plants

A

red spider mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

best temp for poinsettia growth

A

60-80 F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

type of rose that has multiple large flowers on a single stem

A

floribundas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

florists’ gloxinia and African violet are members of which plant family

A

Gensneriaceae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

most indoor foliage plants need which kind of lighting

A

bright, indirect light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

floral presevatives

A

provide sugar
supply bactericide
acidify solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

ethylene test is routinely used to separate shattering from non shattering cultivars of

A

snapdragons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

cut branches of evergreen 20-30 in long are called

A

boughs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

specialty cut flowers are defined as

A

cut flowers other than roses, carnations, and mums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

upper leaves, which show inter veinal chlorosis probably suffer from

A

an iron deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

powerful and specific inhibitor of ethylene action which delays flower senescence is

A

silver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

most epiphytic orchids can be grown in

A

tree fern-redwood chips
osmunda fiber
fir bark

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

unit of heat measurement used in the green house industry

A

Btu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

principle of total compatibility of all parts in an arrangement

A

harmony

77
Q

element essential for strong stems, and roots, and deep flower color. deficiency in plants shows up as weak stems and yellowing and browning leaves at tips and edges

A

potassium

78
Q

abbreviation for the mathematical difference btw the day temp and night temp

A

DIF

79
Q

name 3 plants suitable for pressing

A

dusty miller
pansies
african violets

80
Q

3 questions a floral designer should ask when designing arrangements for a specific room

A

size
ceiling height
# tables

81
Q

what factors are involved in seed germination

A

oxygen
water
temp
light

82
Q

what type of water supply do cut flowers need to transport food and to keep the stems stiff

A

constant water supply

83
Q

what are the 3 basic types of pots used in the greenhouse industry

A

standard pot
bulb pot or pan
Azalea pot

84
Q

a correct way to remove mealy bugs from a plant

A

dab each bug with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol

85
Q

what are 3 guidelines in color commonly followed in floral arranging

A

repeat colors throughout design
darker colors go deeper and lower in the arrangement
never allow one color to dominate

86
Q

macronutrients are the – nutrients that are needed in– amounts

A

major

larger

87
Q

the soil pH level primarily controls

A

availability of essential plant nutrients

88
Q

damping off

A

a common fungal disease in germinating seeds and seedlings

89
Q

recommended pH for fresh flowers in solution

A

3-4.5

90
Q

the flower and leaves of a rose are mottled and streaked with silver, and dusty black droppings have collected. This damage is indicative of:

A

thrips

91
Q

costs associated with making an arrangement, decorating a blooming plant, or creating wedding flowers are called:

A

direct costs

92
Q

this fungus attacks a wide variety of ornamental plants, probably causing more losses than any other single pathogen

A

Botrytis cinerea

93
Q

to obtain blue flowers on hydrangeas, the pH of the growth media should be:

A

5-5.5

94
Q

name 3 bulbous and tuberous-rooted plants

A

Dahlias
Dutch Iris
Caladiums

95
Q

what are the 3 primary ways that heat is lost in a greenhouse

A

air leakage
conduction
radiation

96
Q

a more expensive decorative container into which a potted plant can be set is a:

A

Jardiniere

97
Q

component of greenhouse root media consisting of siliceous volcanic rock, crushed and heated to 1800 F is:

A

perlite

98
Q

a dried branch, bleach by the sun used in decorations is called

A

Manzanita

99
Q

a potpourri corsage can be made from:

A

a few small blossoms and assorted foliage

100
Q

minimum temp for poinsettia growth

A

60 F

101
Q

2 most useful florist tools

A

sharp knife an floral shears

102
Q

good alternative for perlite

A

sand

103
Q

bullheads are distorted flowers characterized by shorter petals, which give the rose a

A

flattened appearance

104
Q

majority of florist businesses are conducted in one location and annual grass sales are generally under

A

250,000

105
Q

a common flaw in establishing the area of emphasis is to

A

crowd the flowers

106
Q

Cycocel

A

the most commonly used growth retardant

107
Q

Gibberellic acid

A

growth regulator that increases the flower size of a geranium and accelerates flowering in a cyclamen

108
Q

what is a Dianthus caryophyllus

A

carnation

109
Q

would a full couch spray arrangement be suitable for a wedding

A

no

110
Q

what are 3 things that direct mail forms include

A

seed mailers
coupons
survey cards

111
Q

Firbark

A

the most popular orchid potting material

112
Q

excessively short stems in tulips planted outdoors are due to

A

warm spring temps and lack of winter cooling

113
Q

what are 2 advantages to having a container garden

A

you can enjoy plants where a dirt garden is impossible

plants can be spotlighted via their placement

114
Q

upper leaves which show inter veinal chlorosis probably suffer from

A

iron deficiency

115
Q

Marigold seed which fails to emerge, or seedlings which die soon after emerging from wet soil are the result of

A

damping off

116
Q

pricing method based on 40% of retail selling price

A

wholesale pricing

117
Q

genus and species name for Amaryllis

A

Hippeastrum vittatum

118
Q

most common summer cooling system in greenhouses

A

fan-and-pad evaporative cooling

119
Q

when grown at a min temp of 60 F for a year-round flower production, hybrid mums are

A

short-day plants

120
Q

irregularly shaped stones, or broken pieces of pottery in the bottom of a pot do what?

A

help the soil drain after being watered

121
Q

Hosta, lobelia, columbine, bleeding heart are all what?

A

shade-tolerant perennials

122
Q

plants need which part of the visible spectrum for good foliage development

A

all of the visible spectrum

123
Q

sign that potted plants need to be repotted

A

new leaves smaller than older ones

124
Q

hue with white added

A

tint

125
Q

light energy, carbon dioxide and water enter into the process of photosynthesis through which

A

carbohydrates are formed

126
Q

Cycocel

A

growth regulator often used on poinsettia crops to control height

127
Q

most important environmental factor regulating flower initiation in bulbous species

A

temperature

128
Q

pasteurization of root media at 180 F would

A

kill most plant viruses, weed seed, and pathogenic fungi

129
Q

technique used to make a small cluster of filler flowers for use in corsages and wedding bouquets

A

group method

130
Q

widespread fungal disease which attacks weak flowers and foliage and found on most dead plant tissue

A
Botrytis cinerea 
(or gray mold)
131
Q

common fault in arranging flowers and foliage that includes the facing of all flower in aprox the same direction

A

flower pointing

132
Q

pinching

A

using your thumb and forefinger to remove the young tip growth of a stem

133
Q

horticulture

A

the culture of plants for food, comfort and beauty

134
Q

without a day-night fluctuation of 10 to 15 F, orchids may

A

refuse to flower

135
Q

best way to design a border

A

shortest plants in front, medium plants in middle, tallest plants in back

136
Q

most important thing to do for bulbs to produce flowers during succeeding years

A

grow a good crop of foliage

137
Q

colonial nosegays are constructed in a – form

A

circular

138
Q

pesticides are

A

chemical materials used to kill pests such as weeds, insects, and diseases

139
Q

what areas are in landscape horticulture

A

all areas that deal with the production and use of plants to make our outdoor environment more appealing

140
Q

what are the 3 phases of development a plant passes though in its life cycle

A

dormancy
reproductive
vegetative

141
Q

major components in the photosynthesis process

A

carbon dioxide
water
light
chlorophyll

142
Q

purpose of plant propagation

A

to produce new and better breeds of plants at a fast rate

143
Q

what is the percent germination and how can one determine it

A

the percentage of seed that will sprout and grow

can be determined by placing a sample of seeds in a favorable growing environment and noting how many sprout

144
Q

how hot should the water be in flower buckets

A

106-115 F

145
Q

when did plastic flowers first become popular in the US

A

1950s

146
Q

florists usually create a symmetrical-triangular style for what occasions

A

formal ceremonies

147
Q

what is floral production

A

the growing of flowering or foliage crops to sale size or maturity

148
Q

major parts of a plant

A

roots, flowers, stems and leaves

149
Q

what does the xylem or ‘conductive tissue” do for a plant

A

transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

150
Q

top 5 flower producing states

A

cali, florida, hawaii, colorado, Pennsylvania

151
Q

3 factors important when considering water quality for fresh flowers

A

pH, hardness or softness, salinity

152
Q

ridge and furrow greenhouses at all latitudes should be oriented

A

north to south

153
Q

a greenhouse producer of young seedlings for shipping for finishing by others is referred to as a

A

plug producer

154
Q

the growing point of most dicots is best described as the

A

apical meristem

155
Q

major problem in standard carnation producing resulting in asymmetrical flowers is

A

Calyx splitting

156
Q

most cut roses in the US are produced in

A

South America

157
Q

when foliage plants have stunted buds, flowers and new growth and a when sticky fluid provides medium for growth of sooty mold and attracts ants, your plants are being attacked by:

A

aphids

158
Q
which of the following grows as a herbaceous perennial in CT
Begonia
Apple
Geranium
Bleeding Heart
Impatiens
A

Bleeding Hearts

159
Q

in addition to N, P, and K what are three additional macroelements

A

Calcium, magnesium, sulfur

160
Q

to produce flowering mums in July, plants must be

A

shaded for 8 hours

161
Q

chronic wilting and discolored vascular tissue are symptoms often associated with

A

virus infection

162
Q

DIF refers to the difference between

A

night temp and day temp

163
Q

Pesticide ‘A’ has a ID 50 (?) of 2.5 and pesticide ‘B’ has a ID 50 of 11,200. Which is more toxic?

A

pesticide ‘A’

164
Q

Pesticide ID50’s are generally given for

A

oral and dermal exposure

165
Q

lowering the average daily temp once a lily crop reaches the visible bud stage will:

A

reduce the rate of flower bud development

166
Q

Plugs are popular because they

A

look good
facilitate transplanting
show less stress following transplant

167
Q

water and minerals travel up this part of the plant stem

A

xylem

168
Q

the term ‘cultivar’ means

A

a cultivated variety

169
Q

4 examples of ‘cool’ growing crops

A

snapdragons
cyclamen
calceolaria
cineraria

170
Q

if the night period is 8 hours long and the day period is 16 hours long, what is the average daily temp when a 60F night/ 78F day temp regime is used

A

72 F

171
Q

name 4 parts of a leaf

A

petiole
stomata
peduncle
cuticle

172
Q

what are the elements essential to plant growth

A

idk look it up

173
Q

specific pesticide storage info can be found:

A

on the pesticide label

on the MSDS

174
Q

damping-off can kill seedling when?

A

before & after emergence

175
Q

MSDS refers to

A

material safety data sheets

176
Q

in storage, pesticides can undergo chemical breakdown or loss of effectiveness due to:

A

high temps
sun light
low temps
high humidity

177
Q

waters with high ph levels have high

A

alkalinity

178
Q

the hardening-off process uses – to acclimate tender plants to outdoor conditions

A

stress

179
Q

plant height can be controlled by

A

withholding water
withholding phosphorus
plant growth regulators
temp manipulation

180
Q

integrated pest management requires

A

knowledge of insect life cycles

181
Q

drainage can be increased by

A

placing 2 in of gravel in the bottom of a pot

182
Q

direct costs include

A

cost of pots, seed and mix

183
Q

plug storage involves:

A

holding plants which are ready to transplant at low temps for periods lasting as long as 10 weeks

184
Q

if a 5-12-26 fertilizer is mixed with a 15-0-0 at a 1:1 ratio the resulting formulation will be a:

A

10-6-13

185
Q

the Ladyslipper orchid is a common name applied to members of the genus

A

Cymbidium

186
Q

elargonium x hortorum, Pelargonium domesticum and Pelargonium Pefltatum are species of

A

geranium

187
Q

Aerated steam is used to eliminate – from soil

A

weed seeds
fungal organisms
insect pests
bacterial organisms

188
Q

what are 4 methods used for cooling greenhouses

A

evaporative pads
ridge vents
exhaust fans
horizontal air flow

189
Q

Botrytis is a common problem when water vapor condenses on leaf surfaces at night. To prevent this problem growers should:

A

leave ridge vents open at night