all general knowledge 2 Flashcards
1
Q
all foliage plants must be – prior to installing in an interior area
A
acclimated
2
Q
most influential and important person in all the ancient arts of China
A
Hsieh Ho
3
Q
Confucius taught that real enjoyment consists of
A
simplicity and contemplation
4
Q
good mineral or garden soils have about–percent of pore space
A
50
5
Q
true bulbs are classified as
A
tunicate or non-tunicate
6
Q
the easter lily crop is difficult to grow because
A
easter falls on a different date each year
7
Q
the retail florist business has been in existence for over – years
A
100
8
Q
the width of an arrangement is less than – the height, except in a horizontal design
A
twice
9
Q
odd numbers should be used in arrangements when fewer than – flowers of one kind are used
A
10
10
Q
a term used to describe the practices that get bulbs to grow and produce flowers
A
forcing
11
Q
a tunicate bulb has a dry, papery covering called a
A
tunic
12
Q
humans breath
A
O2
13
Q
humans release
A
CO2
14
Q
Plants use
A
CO2
15
Q
plants release
A
O2
16
Q
foliage plants are – and – plants, either woody or herbaceous, that are successfully grown indoors
A
tropical
subtropical
17
Q
the art and science of selecting, placing and maintaining plants to improve and enhance the appearance of the indoor environment
A
interiorscaping
18
Q
the unit of illumination that equals the light of one candle at a distance of 1 ft
A
foot-candle
19
Q
the interpretation of Chinese flower arrangements deal with 3 important principles:
A
art of compilation as practiced by Confucius
principle of preservation of life as taught by Buddhism
floral symbolism which has developed as a form of folklore
20
Q
the Oriental country best known for its floral art is
A
Japan
21
Q
A– is a greenhouse designed for the display of plants
A
conservatory
22
Q
The importance of the growing medium rests with four basic functions: holds water, provides nutrients, permits exchange of gases to and from the plant roots, and provides – for the plant
A
support
23
Q
– – capacity is the measure of a medium’s capacity to hold nutrients
A
cation exchange
24
Q
organic media used in greenhouses have between – and – percent pore space
A
75
85
25
lilies are -- bulbs
non-tunic
26
Easter is the first Sunday following a full moon after
March 21
27
An arrangement should be -- to-- times the height of a tall container or the length of an elongated container
1.5
| 2
28
to acclimate a plant, the grower moves the plant from the lower light growing area to progressively--- levels before shipping to an interiorscaper
lower light
29
-- deals with the relative size among objects or parts of objects
Visual Balance
30
the ratio used by the Greek's and the Japanese tradition sed to attain a pleasing proportion between the plant and the container
Asymmetrical Balance
31
the physical or visual stability of a floral design
balance
32
occurs when both sides of the design have or seem to have the same physical weight
balance
33
occurs when the plant material and the manner of placement are different on each side of the central vertical axis; however, the arrangement must appear to be in balance
Asymmetrical Balance
34
the pleasing relationship in size and shape among objects or parts of objects
Visual balance
35
the actual stability of plant materials within the container
balance
36
the reception of an arrangement being in balance or being equal in weight on both sides of the central axis
visual balance
37
this is best achieved when the design is arranged from back of the container toward the front. this gives the arrangement a feeling of -- and --
balance
visual depth
support
38
the hook method is used for
flat headed flowers
39
the purpose of 'pinching' plants
helps the plant become more bushy
40
simple equation for photosynthesis
6 CO2 + 12 H2O light/chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
41
simple equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O --> 12H2O +6CO2 + Energy
42
floriculture production in the US is valued at about $ at farm gate
4.7 billion
43
the leading floriculture production states are:
California
Florida
Texas
44
Florida floriculture crop production is valued at $
765 million
45
when should plants be watered
just before wilting or water stress occurs
46
perched water table means that the container has --at the bottom of the container right after watering, when drainage has occurred
free-water
47
this is -- because it is not held by the root medium
free-water
48
-- factors need to be considered to achieve a successful fertility program
five
49
when certain elements are provided in excess to plants, uptake of other nutrients may be hindered. one example of a mineral antagonism is the ----- interaction; a 1:1 ratio is recommended for most floriculture crops
nitrogen-potassium
50
optimum ph range for most crops growing in a soils medium is
5.8-6.4
51
American floriculture crops are considered to be -- quality if they are well branched and -- with multiple flowers that open --
high
full
simultaneously
52
pinching artificially accelerates a plant's --- and growers commonly use -- types of pinches
branching
| 3
53
the process of pinching a plant removes the -- factory and eliminates the -- concentration of the -- hormone from the upper portion of the plant
auxin
high
inhibitory
54
when the source of -- is removed, the concentration the the -- drops quickly, thereby releasing lateral branches from-- dominance and allowing them to develop
auxin
hormone
apical
55
a time tested rule is to pinch when roots are -- and -- of the -- after removing the plant form its pot
visible at the sides
bottom
medium
56
-- growers first began growing their rose plants using bent stems in the 1980s
Japanese
57
Rose plants used for the bent stem technique are started as --- node cuttings, which are toe and grown frequently in --- --- ---
single
| rock, wool, cubes
58
cut roses are divided into hybrid teas, spray roses and
sweethearts
59
there are less than -- dozen rose breeders specializing in commercial cut flower varieties
two
60
roses generally are graded according to -- of stem
length
61
the greenhouse comes "alive" only after its-- or --- is applied
glazing
| cover
62
a glazing's primary purpose is to allow-- into the greenhouse while allowing the grower to manipulate the environment inside the greenhouse
light
63
there are 5 types of growing floors:
```
natural soil
sand and gravel floors
ground cloth
porous concrete
concrete
```
64
the -- component of watering is the easy part because the scientific principals can be taught and learned. The -- of watering is extremely difficult to teach. It is determining when plants need to be watered and then applying water properly
scientific
| art
65
while it cost-- to produce pinched plants in terms of -- and --, the -- quality is achieved with the pinched plants in terms of size, fullness and flower performance
more
labor
time
highest
66
flower arranging differs from other arts in that it has its own
media (arrangers grow their own materials)
67
the Japanese confine their displays of flower arrangements to specific areas as a matter of -- and--
ritual
| custom
68
The Chinese method of handling flowers is founded on --, preservation of life, and appreciation of --
symbolism
| beauty
69
Confucius taught that real enjoyment consists of -- and --
simplicity
| contemplation
70
a few flowers in a vase can describe the ---- as well as display the beauty of a perfect bloom
whole life history of a plant
71
A creative art form using space along with line, form, color, and texture to create the floral arrangements by using plant material and other components
abstract design
72
two or three colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel
analogous color harmony
73
a circle of greens decorated with fruits, nuts, cones, seed pods, or berries typical of the Renaissance period
Della Robbia Wreath
74
the art of placing floral material in a container in a pleasing manner following various artistic principles
flower arranging
75
bringing plants into bloom at a time other than normal nature
forcing
76
a circle of small flowers arranged around one central flower similar to a nosegay
Tussy Mussy
77
a new concept in creative art form free from conventional ideas and patterns, nongeometric
free-form design
78
an all around arrangement to be viewed form all sides
free standing
79
a tight hand bouquet of fragrant flowers
nosegay
80
a container of unusual form or shape such as a heart, animal, etc...
novelty
81
the American Style of flower arrangement stresses clear cut designs, --, --, and -- of expression
plant forms, originality, freedom
82
violets and purples give a -- feeling
spiritual or sad
83
tints of tones normally give a -- effect
uplifting
84
tones normally give a -- effect
soothing
85
-- can either be warm or cool; it takes on the feelings of the colors with which it is associated
white
86
floral arrangements designed with usual paths along which the eye is led from one point of interest to another are called
line arrangements
87
tissue-cultured platelets require special attention during the acclimation process from the laboratory to the greenhouse in order to avoid-- and ensure crop--
losses
| uniformity
88
Alstroemeria is one of the World's top -- cut flowers
10
89
a physiological disorder of geraniums caused by high moisture levels in the root media is
Oedema
90
the single most important aspect o perennial gardening is
timing the bloom
91
lamps can be used to provide additional light to increase photosynthesis and plant growth. This is termed -- lighting
supplemental
92
lamps can be used to alter the photoperiod perceived by the plants. This is termed:
photoperiodic
93
abbreviation for the mathematical differences between the day temp and night temp
DIF
94
many growers apply a shading compound or shad cloth from late spring to early fall to :
reduce heat stress that results from high light levels entering the greenhouse
95
conductive tissue in the stem that transports water and minerals from roots to the leaves
Xylem
96
shape is 2-D while form is
3-D
97
when the source of -- is removed, the concentration of the -- drops quickly, thereby releasing lateral branches from -- dominance and allowing them to develop
auxin
hormone
apical
98
most commonly used growth retardant
Cycocel
99
Many crops today are offered as tissue-cultured platelets, stage 2 or stage 3. This form of vegetative propagation offers many advantages to growers, primarily in that plants grown from tissue are --and --
disease free
| quick growing
