All Eastern Europe and Mediterranean Flashcards
What does Cava mean? (Greece)
for PGI and Varietal wines only:
Indicates one year of aging for whites and Rosé, with 6 months oak. Three years aging with one year in barrel for reds.
First five of Greece
Boutari, Achaia Clauss, Kambas, Kourtakis, Tsantali
Reserve and Grand Reserve are universal across all PDO wines. What are the aging requirements?
Reserve:
White: one year aging 6 mos barrel 3 mos bottle
Red: two years aging min 12 mos barrel 6 mos bottle
Grand Reserve:
White: two years aging, min one year in barrel 6 mos bottle
Red: four years aging, min 18 mos in barrel and 18 mos in bottle
Tallest Mountain in Greece, 3000 Meters, to the North East of Thessaly (Rapsani PDO is there for xinomavro)
Mount Olympus
this producer vinifies 95% of Rapsani PDO fruit
Tsantali
Messinikola PDO sits near the banks of this lake
Lake Plastira
“Palaiomenos se vareli” (Greece) means what
indicates oak aging beyond required min for PGI Cava wines
Greeces smallest PDO
Rapsani:
Dry red (Red, Reserve, Grand Reserve)
Xinomavro, Krassato, Stavroto
Highest vines in Greece are planted here at 4000 feet,
Metsovo in Epirus (North West Epirus on Pindos)
Also has the oldest Cab Sauv planted at Katogi Averoff in 1963
Soiltype of Zitsa
Limestone rich plateau
Min/Max RS for PDO Zitsa Styles of wine:
Dry White: Max 4g/l rs
Dry Sparkling White: 17-32 g/l rs
Sparkling White Semidry: 32-50 g/l rs
PDOs of Ionian Islands
Robola of Cephalonia (100% Robola, dry white) and the main grape of Cephalonia
Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia (fortified sweet red)
Muscat of Cephalonia:
(100% Moschato Aspro)
Fortified Wine (VDN)
Fortified Wine from Specific vineyards (VDN Grand Cru)
Fortified Wine (VDL)
Naturally Sweet Wine (Sun Dried)
What grape, if used, must be cofermented with Mavrodaphne in the wines of Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia PDO (Ionian Islands)
Mavri Korinthiaki
Must be min 50% Mavrodaphne
What is Verdea
Traditional multi varietal white produced on Zakynthos (Ionian Islands western greece)
50% Skiadopoulo rest is Pavlos, Robola and Goustolidi are most common
superior clone of Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia
Tsigelo, different from that of Patras
in Santorini PDO what % has to be assyrtiko and what can be blended in
85% Assyrtiko
Athiri and Aidini can be blended in
What are Pezoules?
terraces in Santorini in place to cancel erosion and retain water
First major winery in Santorini
Boutari, 1989
early pick, stainless steel, temperature control
What is Nykteri (Santorini)
Dry wine made with ripe grapes harvested before dawn and pressed within a day, aged min 3 mos barrel. Flor may develop
What is Mezza (Santorini)
dessert wine, Produced from Air dried Mandilaria grapes
Peza PDO (Crete) allows for these styles
Dry wine
White: 100% Vilana
Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria (Mandilari)
Red wine only appelations of Crete
Daphnes, (100% Liatiko)
Archanes PDO (Kotsifali Mandilaria)
Styles of wine for Candia PDO
Dry white from Viliana
Dry red from Kotsifali, Mandilaria
Definition of Vin naturellement doux,
Vin Doux and Vin doux naturel
In Greece
Vin naturellement doux: Solely dried grapes
Vin doux: VdL
Vin doux naturel: When spirits are added to a partly fermented wine
Tsipouro is used for fortification (95-96%abv)
Three highest peaks of Crete
Psiloritis
Lefka Ori
Dikti
Paros (Aegean Island)
100% Monemvasia (white)
Red: co-fermentation of minimum 35% Mandilaria grape, and Monemvassia must
Mandilaria is the main red grape
Malvasia of Paros is a sweet wine from Sun dried grapes. What is the encepagement and aging
Monemvasia with max 15% Assyrtiko. Fortification optional
Aged min 2 years to be labeled with a vintage
This PDO in the Dodecanese was for decades a source of “Greek Champagne”
Rhodes
Main producer of Rhodes
CAIR cooperative founded in 1928, reputation for sparkling. Dominates today
What is Pramnian red?
traditional high alcohol red from Ikaria area PGI in Dodecanese, made from Fokiano grape
What year was a law passed stating that only wines made from Muscat could claim a Samos origin
1934
Same year UWC (United Winemaking Agricultural Cooperative of Samos) was founded: first Co op
the only Muscat based PDO of Greece that doesn’t include the name of the grape in the origin
Samos PDO
What was the first commercial distillery for Ouzo?
Tyrnavos (in Thessaly)
1856
2006 became a PDO
Min Abv% 37.5
Most vines in Cyprus are located on this mountain range
Troodos
Four PGIs of Cyprus
Pafos (west) most important
Larnaka
Lemesos
Lefkosia
Turkey’s anise flavored spirit akin to Arak in Lebanon
Raki
This wine district of Turkey borders Bulgaria and Greece and feels the influence of the Marmara, Aegean and Black Sea
Thrace (Also in Greece)
This wine region harvests more than half of Turkey’s production
Aegean Area
Min RS for Tokaji szamorodni “édes”
45 g/l
Szürkebarát is this in Hungary
Pinot Gris
Aszu wines must be in cask this long (Gonc)
18 months, three years total before release
What grape can’t be used for superior reds and siller wines in bulls blood
Bibordarka
Two Great first growths of Tokaj
Szarvas, Mezes Maly
Near communes of Tokaj and Tarcal, respectively
What is the term Késoi Szüretelésü bor mean? (Tokaji)
Late harvest wine
What is min RS for Aszu Tokaji (3, 4 and 5 puttonyos)
120 g/l
Szamorodni “száraz” RS
max. 9 g/l
RS levels for
Szamorodni “édes”
Fordítás
Máslás
Késői szüretelésű bor
Min 45 g/l rs
These indigenous varieties (white) of Lebanon were long thought to be Chardonnay and Semillon, respectively
Obaideh, Merweh
River of Bekaa Valley
Litani River
Who brought Chateau Musar to the Bristol Wine Fair in 1979
Serge Hochar
Michael Broadbent auctioneer brought new attention to Lebanon wines
What four wineries operated in Lebanon at the outset of the Lebanese civil war (1975)
Chateau Ksara, Chateau Musar, Domaine des Tourelles, Chateau Nakad
When did Francois-Eugene Brun found Domaine des Tourelles in Lebanon
1868 (first “for profit” Lebanese winery)
When did Jesuit missionaries establish Chateau Ksara
1857 (Lebanon’s current largest producer) and oldest
There are five winegrowing regions in Armenia:
Ararat Valley**
Ararat Valley foothills, the Northeast zone, Vaiots Dzor, and Zangezur.
Ararat Valley, including the foothills, is where nearly 80% of grapegrowing occurs. The local Areni Noir from the Vaiots Dzor region is showing great promise.
greatest number of vines per capita in the world in this country
Moldova
Most prestigious wine of Moldova
Chateau Purcari “Negru de Purcari” (Cab sauv Saperavi, Negra Rara)
in Stefan Voda
