ALL Flashcards
Supraspinatus
O: supra spinous fossa of scapula
I: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: Supra-scapular N. (C4,5,6)
MA: initiates (first 15 degrees) abduction of shoulder joint and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
Infraspinatus
O: infra spinous fossa of scapula
I: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: supra-scapular N (C5,6)
MA: laterally rotates shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
N: upper and lower subscapular N. (C5,6,7)
MA: medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
Teres minor
O: middle part of lateral border of scapula
I: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: axillary N. (C5,6)
MA: Laterally rotate shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Teres major
O: Inferior part of lateral border of scapula, inferior angle of scapula
I: medial lip of intertubercle groove of humerus
N: Lower subscapular N. (C5,6)
MA: adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint
Deltoid
O:Lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary N. (C5,6)
MA: Anterior: flexes and medially rotates shoulder joint
Middle: abducts shoulder joint
Posterior: extends and laterally rotates shoulder joint
Rhomboid major
O: T2-T5 (spinous process)
I: Medial boarder of scapular spine from spine to inferior spine
N: Dorsal scapular N. (C4,5)
MA: retract scapula, depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall
Rhomboid minor
O: Nuchal ligament; C7-T1 (spinous process)
I: Triangle area of medial end of scapular spine
N: Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)
MA: retract scapula, depress glenoid cavity, fix scao to thoracic wall
Latissimus Dorsi
O: T7-T12 (spinous process), thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs
I: floor of intertubercle groove of humerus
N: thoracodorsal N. (C6,7,8)
MA: extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus, rasie body toward arm, “getting arrested”
Trapezius
O: Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligaments (C1-C7), C7-T12 (spinous process) I: Clavical Lateral 1/3 Acromion Spine of scapula N: Spinal accessory N. (CN XI) Sensory C3,C4 (pain & proprioception) MA: descending - elevates ascending - depresses Middle - retracts scapula
Pectoralis major
O: Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscles
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus
N: Lateral/medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head (C5,6) Streno head (C7,8, T1)
MA: Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly (flies)
Alone: clavicular head flexes shoulder joint and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position
Pectoralis minor
O: 3-5 ribs near their costal cartilages
I: coracoid process of scapula
N: Medial pectoral n. (C8,T1)
MA: Stabilizes scapula
Subclavius
O: Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
I: inferior surface of middle third clavicle
N: Subclavian N. (C5,6)
MA: Anchors and depresses clavicle
Levator Scapulae
O: posterior tubercle of C1-C4 of transverse process
I: Medial border of scapula to superior to spine
N: Dorsal scapular N. (C5) & Cervical N. (C3,C4)
MA: Elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
I: lateral surface of mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line
O: Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium
Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle
N: spinal accessory N. (CNX1) C2 and C3 sensory nerve. Pain and proprioception
MA: Tilts head to same side. Rotates face superiorly to opposite side
Scalene Middle
O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7
I: superior surface of 1st rib
N: anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
MA: laterally flexes neck, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
Scalene Posterior
O: posterior tubercle of transverse processes of C4-C6
I: external border of 2nd rib
N: anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
MA: laterally flexes neck, elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
Brachioradialis
O: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
I: distal radius- proximal to styloid process
N: radial nerve (C5,6,7)
MA: weak flexion of elbow joint
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
I: dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
N: radial nerve (C6,7)
MA: extends wrist, abducts wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
N: radial nerve (C 7,8)
MA: extends, abducts wrist
Extensor Digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: extensor expansion (medial 4 fingers 2-5)
N: posterior interossesous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist, and medial 4 fingers
Extensor digiti minimi
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: extensor expansion of 5th finger
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist, 5th finger
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends and abducts wrist
Extensor pollicis longus
O: posterior middle 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane
I: dorsal base of distal phalanx of 1st finger
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist, extends distal phalanx of 1st finger
Extensor pollicis brevis
O: posterior distal 1/3 of radius & interosseous membrane
I: dorsal base of proximal phalanx of 1st finger
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist and proximal phalanx of 1st finger
Abductor pollicis longus
O: posterior proximal 1/2 of ulna and radius, interosseous membrane
I: base of 1st metacarpal
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist and abducts thumb
Extensor indicis
O: posterior distal 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane
I: extensor expansion of 2nd finger
N: posterior interosseous nerve (C7,8)
MA: extends wrist and 2nd finger
Pronator Teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna
I: middle of convexity of radius (lateral)
N: median nerve (C6,7)
MA: pronates and flexes forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 2nd metacarpal
N: median nerve (C6,7)
MA: flexes and abducts wrist
Palmaris longus
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: distal 1/2 flexor retinaculum, palmar Aponeurosis
N: median nerve (C7,8)
MA: flexes wrist, tenses palmar Aponeurosis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: olecranon and posterior ulna
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
N: ulnar nerve (C7,8)
MA: flexes and addicts wrist
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, oblique line if radius
I: middle phalanx of medial 4 digits (2-5)
N: median nerve (C7,8,T1)
MA: flexes wrist, flexes medial 4 PIP joints
Flexor Digitorum profundus
O: proximal 3/4 of ulna and interosseous membrane (medial anterior)
I: bases of distal phalanx of 2-5 fingers
N: median nerve (C8,T1-> 2 & 3 fingers, ulnar nerve-> 4 & 5 fingers)
MA: flexes wrist, flexes DIP 2-5
Flexor pollicis longus
O: anterior radius & interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: anterior interosseous nerve (C8,T1)
MA: flexes wrist and all joints if thumb
Pronator Quadratus
O: distal 1/4 of anterior ulna
I: distal 1/4 of anterior radius
N: anterior interosseous nerve (C8,T1)
MA: pronates forearm
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, tubercles of scaphoid, trapezium
I: lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: Recurrent branch of medial nerve (C8,T1)
MA: abducts thumb
Flexor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, tubercles of scaphoid, trapezium
I: lateral base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1) & deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
MA: flexes thumb
Adductor pollicis
O: bases of 2 and 3 metacarpals , capitate
I: medial base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
MA: adducts thumb
Abductor digiti minimi
O: pisiform
I: medial base proximal phalanx 5th finger
N: deep branch of ulnar (C8,T1)
MA: abduct 5th finger
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
O: hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: medial base proximal 5th finger
N: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
MA: flex proximal phalanx 5th finger
Opponens Pollicis
O: flexor retinaculum, ercles of scaphoid, lunate
I: lateral 1st metacarpal
N: recurrent branch median nerve (C8,T1)
MA: oppose thumb
Opponens digiti minimi
O: hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: medial 5th metacarpal
N: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
MA: opposes 5th finger to the thumb
lumbricals
O: tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: lateral extension expansions 2-5
N: median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
MA: flex MCP joint, extend 2-5 IP joints
interossei
O: (D) adjacent 2 metacarpals (P) palmar 2,4,5 metacarpals I: base proximal phalanx, extensor expansion of 2-4, 2,4,5 N: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1) MA: D- ABduct, P- ADduct
Scalene Anterior
O: Anterior tubercules of transverse processes of C3-C6
I: 1st rib
N: cervical spinal nerves C4-C6
MA: Laterally flexes neck, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
Serratus Anterior
O: external lateral ribs 1-8
I: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
N: long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7)
MA: protracts scapula, holds to thoracic wall, rotates scapula
biceps brachii
PA: short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
Long head: supra glenoid tubercle of scapula
DA: tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis
N: musculocutaneous N (C5,C6)
MA: supinates forearm, when supinated, flexes elbow. flexes shoulder
Short head: resists dislocation of shoulder
Brachialis
PA: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
DA: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
N: musculocutaneous (C5,C6)
MA: flexes elbow joint in al positions
Coracobrachialis
PA: tip of coracoid process of scapula
DA: middle third of medial surface of humerus
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5,6,7)
MA: Helps flex and adduct shoulder joint; resists dislocation of shoulder
Triceps brachii
PA: Long head: infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
DA: proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
N: radial nerve (C6,7,8)
MA: extends elbow. long head extends shoulder joint and resists dislocation especially during abduction
