alkenes

Question 1

carbocation

Answer 1

Carbocations are species with a positively charged carbon

Question 2

primary carbocation

Answer 2

Primary carbocations have one alkyl group directly bonded to the positively charged carbon.

Question 3

secondary carbocation

Answer 3

Secondary carbocations have two alkyl groups directly bonded to the positively charged carbon.

Question 4

tertiary carbocation

Answer 4

Tertiary carbocations have three alkyl groups directly bonded to the positively charged carbon.

Question 5

carbocation stability

Answer 5

The trend in carbocation stability is that tertiary is most stable and primary is least stable. This is because of the positive inductive effect of alkyl groups bonded to the positive carbon: they push electrons towards other things (in this case, the positive carbon in the carbocation).

Question 6

electrophile

Answer 6

An electrophile is an electron pair acceptor (it is attracted to areas of high electron density)

Question 7

nucleophile

Answer 7

A nucleophile is an electron pair donor (it is attracted to areas of low electron density).

Question 8

polymers

Answer 8

Polymers are very long molecules formed when many small molecules join together.

Question 9

monomers

Answer 9

Monomers are small molecules that can join together to form polymers.

Question 10

addition polymers

Answer 10

Addition polymers form from monomers containing a C=C double bond. There is only one product: the polymer.

Question 11

condensation polymers

Answer 11

Condensation polymers form when monomers join together via the removal of a small molecule. Various functional groups will do this, but not alkenes.