Alkane And Alkene

Question 1

Free radical substitution of alkane
Reagent :
Condition :
Product :

Answer 1

R : chlorine (Cl2) or bromine (Br2) 
C : UV light
Product : depends
1. Remove H
2. Add Cl

Question 2

Combustion of alkane

Answer 2

R: excess Oxygen (O2)
C: no condition
Product : CO2 and water

Question 3

Cracking of alkane

1. Thermal cracking
2. Catalytic cracking

Answer 3

1. Thermal cracking
NO reagent
Conditon : high temp - (600 - 900)
2. Catalytic cracking
Condition : presence of catalyst ( silica or alumina)

Question 4

Hydrogenation of ALKENE

Answer 4

Reagent : hydrogen
Condition : 1. Nickel ( 180)
2. Platinum and palladium ( room temp)

Product : Alkane

Question 5

Halogenation of ALKENE

Answer 5

Reagent : halogen in CCl4
Condition : room temp
Product : dihaloalkane

Question 6

Hydrohalogenation of ALKENE

Answer 6

Reagent : HCl or HBr or HI
C: room temperature and AlCl3 / AlBr3 / AlI3
Product : haloalkane
Remember this need to use Markonikov rule

Question 7

Hydration of Alkene

Answer 7

Reagent : H2O
Condition : H3PO4, 300, 60atm
Product : alcohol

Question 8

Addition of concentrated sulphuric acid

Answer 8

Reagent : concentrated H2SO4
Condition : Room temp
Product : Alcohol

Question 9

Combustion of alkene

Answer 9

Reagent : O2

Product : CO2 and H2O

Question 10

Addition of bromine water to alkene

Answer 10

Reagent : BrOH
Condition : room temp
Product : break double bond
Add OH and Br

Question 11

Mild oxidation of alkene

Answer 11

Reagent : no
Condition : cold acidic or alkaline KMnO4
Product : diols

Question 12

Vigorous oxidation of alkene

Answer 12

Reagent : no
Condition : alkene reflux or heated with acidified KMnO4
Product : ketone or aldehyde

If got one C at terminal will produce CO2 and H2O

Question 13

Catalytic oxidation of alkene

Answer 13

Reagent : 1. O2
2. H2O
Condition :1. silver catalyst
200 to 300
2. H+ (acid hydrolysis)
Product : 1. One O between the double bond
2. Two OH

Question 14

Ozonolysis of alkene

Answer 14

Reagent : O3, ozone
Condition : room temp
Product : ketone or aldehyde

Question 15

Addition Polymerisation of alkene

Answer 15

Double bond become single

Question 16

Mechanism of alkene

Answer 16

Step 1 : Attack of electrophile on the pie element of C=C to form a carbonium ion which is unstable

Step 2 :Carbonium ion accepts a nucleophile to form a stable addition product.