Alimentary Canal

Question 1

What organs secrete enzymes?`

Answer 1

Mouth, stomach and small intestine.

Question 2

Where does absorption take place?

Answer 2

Small intestine [absorption of nutrients and digested food] and the large intestine [absorption of water and mineral salts].

Question 3

What is the main function of salivary gland?

Answer 3

It secretes saliva which contains salivary amylase that acts on starch.

Question 4

What is the function of the teeth?

Answer 4

It cuts and grind food into smaller pieces which increases the surface area for enzymes to act on.

Question 5

What is another name for the gullet?

Answer 5

Oesophagus

Question 6

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 6

It secretes bile for physical digestion of fats [known as the process called emulsification].

Question 7

The function of the pancreas?

Answer 7

Secretes pancreatic juices that contains enzymes for digestive carbohydrates, fats and proteins in small intestine.

Question 8

Which 3 organs are the secondary organs in the alimentary canal?

Answer 8

Liver, Gall bladder and Pancreas.

Question 9

Where is bile stored at?

Answer 9

Gall badder.

Question 10

where is bile produced at?

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

Is emulsification a physical or chemical reaction?

Answer 11

Physical Reaction as no enzymes involved.

Question 12

The function of bile.

Answer 12

[Breaks down fats into smaller fat droplets.]

Question 13

What is the term for fats being broken down by bile?

Answer 13

Fat globule.

Question 14

Function of fat globule?

Answer 14

provides larger surface area for enzyme lipase to digest fats more effectively and efficiently.

Question 15

Is bile an enzyme?

Answer 15

No it is not.

Question 16

What enzymes are secreted in the pancreas?

Answer 16

Pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, and pancreatic protease.

Question 17

What is the process called when food is swallowed down by the oesophagus?

Answer 17

Peristalsis.

Question 18

What does the tongue do?

Answer 18

• Roll food into small bolus.

- Push the boli to the back of the mouth and down into the oesophagus.

Question 19

What happens to bacteria in the large intestine?

Answer 19

It makes vitamins for the body.

Question 20

Where is faeces stored at before defecation?

Answer 20

Rectum.

Question 21

Why must food be digested?

Answer 21

break down large food molecules into smaller food molecules, to allow it to pass through the partially permeable membrane in our body to the bloodstream.

Question 22

Why does the digestion of fats change the pH value of solution?

Answer 22

Fats are digested by lipase to glycerol and fatty acids, fatty acids cause the pH value to decrease (as they are acidic).

Question 23

Why is it recommended that insulin should be injected directly to the blood stream instead of being ingested?

Answer 23

If ingested insulin, it will be broken down by proteases into polypeptides/amino acids, in the stomach and small intestines. As such, it would be recommended to be injected directly to bloodstream.

Question 24

Where does peristalsis take place in the human body?

Answer 24

The large intestine and the oesophagus.

Question 25

Is proteins a source of energy for humans?

Answer 25

Yes they are. Proteins are the source of energy during starvation.

Question 26

Which digestive enzyme works best at pH 2-3?

Answer 26

Pepsin. [Pepsin is a stomach enzyme that serves to digest proteins found in ingested food]

Question 27

What is stomach considered in division of labor in humans? Why?

Answer 27

Is is considered as an organ. This is because it is made up of many different type of tissues to perform a specific task in our digestive system.

Question 28

What does gastric juices contain?

Answer 28

Protease and hydrochloric acids.