Alimentary Flashcards
Name one reason why rumen contents become alkaline with fermentation failure.
Bacterial death releases ammonia making rumen more alkaline
How does anorexia cause fermentation failure?
The low threshold tension receptors in the reticulum are not activated due to not having normal rumen fill
A cow with fermentation failure is showing muscle fasciculations. What electrolyte may be involve?
Potassium
How does VitB12 aid ketosis associated with fermentation failure?
Directly stimulates gluconeogenesis
What volume rumen fluid should be given to an adult cow?
20L
What clinical condition may result from high lignin content?
Rumen impaction
Name two functions of the primary cycle.
Emptying, mixing and absorption
What condition normally results in a small volume, pasty semi-liquid stool?
Rumen stasis because it is not emptying
Absence of the primary cycle with lack of VFA production will predispose to what metabolic problem?
The three VFAs that we need are acetate, propionate, butyrate. Not having enough propionate will cause ketosis
What is the methylene blue reduction test used for?
Checks the activity of the microbes to help us determine if transfaunation is required
Name two clinical signs which will call for rumen evacuation (with rumenotomy or Kingman tube).
Ping and ballotment
Name 4 essential procedures included in the MBB in cattle practice.
PE, rectal palpation, rumen fluid analysis, urine analysis
When is a LDA more likely to occur?
Post calving
What is a possible complication in a chronically displaced abomasum and how would you confirm it?
adhesions. Roll her and see if it will roll back.
Where are you likely to palpate the omasum in a RVA?
It moves caudally , so you will find it on the side of the rumen
Where is the duodenum displaced in a RVA?
cranially
What is a life threatening complication associated with metastatic pneumonia?
Aneurysms which causes them to bleed out
Name 4 groups of organisms which proliferates in an acidic rumen environment and their associated abnormal conditions.
B thiaminolyticus/B sporogenes- polio
Lactobacilli –lactic acidosis
Mucormycosis – Mucormycosis of rumen; abomasum, rectum
Clostridium perfringens type A –Acute death syndrome/hemorrhagic bowel syndrome
Clostridium perfringens type D (seen primarily in SHEEP) –Overeating disease. Pulpy kidney
Name 2 predisposing causes of LDA
Post calving and subclinical hypocalcemia
What is the cause of fat cow syndrome
Proprionic acid surge caused by increase in lactic acid fermenters
Which VFA cause ruminitis
Lactic acid
