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Visceral Anatomy Quiz 3 > Alimentary 1 (oesophagus, omenta, stomach) > Flashcards

Alimentary 1 (oesophagus, omenta, stomach) Flashcards

1
Q

the vestibule is the:

a) space between the alveolar arches and palatoglossal folds
b) space between lips/cheek and the teeth
c) space between lips/cheek and the oral cavity proper
d) all of the above are part of the vestibule

A

c

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2
Q

the oral cavity extends from the ____ to the _____

A

vestibule, palatoglossal folds (end of oral cavity proper)

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3
Q

list the three parts of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

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4
Q

the nasopharynx goes from the __ to ___

A

back of nose, soft palate

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5
Q

the oropharynx goes from the ____ to ____

A

soft palate, epiglottis

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6
Q

the laryngopharynx goes from the___ to ___

A

soft palate, indentation of oesophagus

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7
Q

true or false: the oesophagus arises form the laygnopharynx

A

true

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8
Q

the foregut (ventral) is supplied by the coeliac trunk. list 3 things that arise from it:

A

stomach, oesophagus, duodenum to just under greater duodenal papilla, liver, ventral part of pancreas

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9
Q

the midgut (dorsal) is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery. list 3 things that arise from it:

A

duodenum from just below greater duodenal papilla, right 2/3 of the transverse colon, ascending colon, appendix, jejunum, ileum, caecum

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10
Q

the hindgut is supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery. list 3 things that arise from it:

A

left 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, rectum, sigmoid colon, anal canal

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11
Q

the oesophagus goes from __ to ___ , passing through the oesophageal hiatus at T_ where it enters the stomach

A

C6, T11, T10

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12
Q

true or false: the trachea begins lateral to aorta then posterior to it

A

false (goes anterior to it)

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13
Q

true or false: left and right vagal nerve trunks form from the vagal nerve plexus of the oesophagus

A

true

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14
Q

which ligament attaches the oesophagus to the diaphragm and fundus (greater groove) of the stomach?

A

gastrophrenic ligament

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15
Q

how many constrictions does the oesophagus have and where?

A

4: at end of pharynx, aortic arch level, bifurcation of left primary bronchus level, oesophageal hiatus by diaphragm via the right crus

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16
Q

true or false: the mesentary is defined as folds of peritoneum with a connective tissue core covered by mesothelium

A

true

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17
Q

true or false: mesentary keeps organs stable

A

false (enables them to move, we lose our dorsal mesentary with retroperitoneal organs)

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18
Q

the falciform ligament is found on the ____ border of the liver and is derived from ____ mesentary

A

anterior, ventral

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19
Q

true or false: the ventral mesentary covers the diaphragm to anterior abdominal wall

A

true

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20
Q

which of these is NOT formed by the ventral mesentary:

a) foregut organs
b) ventral pancreas
c) lesser omentum
d) liver, stomach and biliary system
e) greater omentum

A

e

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21
Q

which of these is NOT formed by the dorsal mesentary:

a) greater omentum
b) lesser omentum
c) dorsal pancreas and spleen
d) large intestines
e) peritoneum

A

b

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22
Q

true or false: when organs become retroperitoneal, the peritoneum fuses with the posterior wall and is obliterated

A

false (it is the dorsal mesentary)

23
Q

true or false: retroperitoneal organs are outgrowths from the connective tissue or mesentary

A

false (it is suspended organs)

24
Q

the ____ part of the pancreas rotates ____ to fuse with the _____ pancreas during development

A

ventral, posteriorly, dorsal

25
Q

true or false: the omenta is folds of peritoneum containing blood vessels, connective tissue, and macrophages but NO organs. It is also derived from mesentary

A

true

26
Q

true or false: omenta has a more even distribution of fat than mesentary

A

false (omenta, less distributed = grainy)

27
Q

the greater omentum is attached to all but:

a) greater curvature of the stomach (fundus)
b) diaphragm
c) first part of duodenum
d) oesophagus
f) posterior surface of transverse colon

A

f) its the ANTERIOR surface it attaches to

28
Q

true or false: the lesser omentum is known as the policeman of the body as it secretes macrophages and other immune surveillance cells

A

false: it is the greater omentum

29
Q

list the three ligaments and attachment points of the greater omentum

A

gastrophrenic (fundus and oesophagus to diaphragm)

gastrocolic (greater curvature of stomach and first part of duodenum to the anterior surface of transverse colon)

gastrosplenic (greater curvature of stomach to spleen)

30
Q

true or false: the greater omentum hangs down to over most abdominal organs and adheres to them

A

false: does NOT adhere (it is omentum no mesentary!!)

31
Q

true or false: omentum also have mesothelium on anterior and posterior surface with a shiny grainy appearance

A

true

32
Q

true or false: the lesser omentum extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum, to the posterior surface of the liver

A

true

33
Q

the free edge of the lesser omentum extends from the duodenum to the posterior of the liver and enables the ____ artery, ____ vein, lymph vessels and nerves, and the ___ duct to go to the liver

A

hepatic, portal, bile

34
Q

true or false: the greater omentum remains as two folds of peritoneum throughout life

A

false: inner mesothelial layers fuse

35
Q

true or false: the free edge of the ventral mesentary becomes the ventral pancreas

A

false: becomes the free edge of the lesser omentum

36
Q

name the four subdivisions of the peritoneal sac:

A

greater sac, lesser sac, epiploic foramen, stomach bed

37
Q

the lesser sac is the space behind the stomach and _____ and enables movement and expansion of the stomach

A

lesser omentum

38
Q

the lesser sac is accessed behind the free edge of the lesser omentum, known as the _____ foramen

A

epiploic

39
Q

true or false: the epiploic foramen connects the greater and lesser omentum

A

true

40
Q

the stomach bed is the posterior wall of the ____ and is just behind the _____

A

lesser sac, stomach

41
Q

true or false: the stomach bed includes the upper pole of the left kidney, left suprarenal, diaphragm, part of spleen, pancreas, part of transverse mesocolon

A

true

42
Q

true or false: the lesser omentum is between the posterior stomach and anterior of liver

A

true

43
Q

the epipolic foramen can be found behind the ____ and gives access to the lesser sac

A

free edge of the lesser omentum

44
Q

list the four parts of the stomach

A

cardia, fundus, body, pyloric region

45
Q

true or false: the cardiac notch in the stomach is found inferiorly

A

false: superiorly

46
Q

true or false: the lesser curvature of the stomach is lateral

A

false: medial

47
Q

true or false: the angular notch is superior

A

false: inferior

48
Q

list the three parts of the pyloric region of the stomach

A

pyloric antrum, pyloric canal, pyloric sphincter

49
Q

the thickened external sphincter between the stomach and duodenum is called the:

A

pylorus

50
Q

true or false: rugae of the stomach are permanent longitudinal folds

A

false: disappear when stomach is full

51
Q

two organs anterior to the stomach are:

A

liver, diaphragm

52
Q

two peritoneal sacs posterior to the stomach are:

A

lesser sac, stomach bed

53
Q

the oesophagus enters the stomach at T11, the level of the xiphosternal joint known as the:

A

cardiac orifice

54
Q

the transpyloric plane is defined as half way between the _____ and ______

A

suprasternal notch, top of pubic symphysis

Visceral Anatomy Quiz 3 (3 decks)

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