Alignment Theory Flashcards
mos alignment diagbosis is _____^
system based diagnosis
pull can be defined as ?
a tug in the steering either left or right while driving on a straight road
what can cause a vehicle to pull?
worn/ damaged suspension and steering componets
roads that are constructed with a slight angle to allow water drainage is known as whats?
Road Crown
how can you observe a lead or drift?
by lifting hands ofd steering wheel and observing the drift on a straight road
A mild pull that does not cause a force on the steering wheel is known as?
lead or drift
when testing for lead or drift what precaution shoulld be taken?
make sure road is free of traffix
what is wander
a condition where constant steering wheel conrrections must be made to to maintain a straight line
what are the two most likely cause of wander in a vehicle?
worn suspension and steering components
and incorrect or unequal alingment
stiff steering and slow return to centre is commonly caused by what?
leaks, low pressure in tires and lack or power steering
tramp and shimmy is most likely caused by what?
unbalnced tires or defective tires and wheels
tech a says wheel alignment will correct tramp and shimmy.
tech b says alignment will not correct tram or shimmy virbration. who is correct?
tech b
camber or caster is measured in what?
degrees
define what camber is
inward or outward tilt of the wheel when viewed from the front or rear
if the top of the tire is tilted out then the camber is negative or positive?
positive
if the top of the tire is tilted in then the camber is positive or negative?
negative
if the wheel is true vertices then camber is how much degrees?
0
many front wheel drive vehicles that used sealed wheel bearing specify _______ camber
negative
a symptom of camber will be?
vehicle pulls to the side with the most positive camber
excess positive camber can cause wear in waht area of the tire?
outside edge
excess negative camber can cause wear on what location of the tire
inside edge
negative camber creates a pulling force towards the inside or outside of the vehicle?
inside
if camber angles are different from one side to the other where will the vehicle pull?
the side with the most camber
tech a says excess camber can cause wear to wheel bearings. tech b says positive camber is desired because it puts more load on larger inner wheel bearing
both
excess negative camber can contribute to _______ failure
outer wheel bearing
camber is adjustable on all vehicles true or false
false
camber should be _____ on boys sides
equal
caster is measured in _____^
degrees or fractions of degrees
Tech a says caster is the forward or rearward tilt of the steering axis in reference to a vertical line as viewed from the side of a vehicle. Tech B says caster is the forward or rearward tilt of the steering axis in reference to a horizontal line as viewed from the side of a vehicle. who is correct.
tech a
zero caster means what?
the steering axis is straight up on 0 degrees
on an SLA type suspension the upper pivot is the ______ and the lower pivot is the _______
upper ball joint
lower ball joint
why is negative caster is seldom used on today’s vehicles why?
because it makes vehicle unstable at highway speeds
positive caster is present when the upper suspension pivot is _______ the lower pivot point
behind
is caster a tire wearing angle?
no
positive caster causes _____in camber during a _____ this condition is called ______
changes , turn, camber roll
caster is more used for _______
stability
the degree of caster helps with steering wheel ________ after a turn
returnability
if caster is excessively positive the vehicle will be ______
very stable
tech a says steering effort increases with positive caster. tech b say steering effort decreases with positive caster
tech a
vehicles with as many as 11 degrees postive caster usually use a _________ to control shimmy at ______ speeds
steering damper, high
if caster is negative what will happen?
unstable vehicle and wander
can caster cause excessive pull if so which direction will the pull be experienced on?
yes, the side with the least positive caster
caster is adjustable on all vehicles true/false
false
if caster is adjustable how is it adjusted?
moving upper or lower pivot points forward or backward.
caster should be _____ on both sides
equal
toe is measured in?
degrees or fractions of an inch
toe is the _____ in ______ between ghe front and rear of the tire
difference, distance
as viewed from the top of the vehicle zero toe means that both wheel are what?
parallel on the same axle
toe angle is always split between the ________ wheel
two front wheels
positive toe is called
toe in
negative toe is called
toe out
the purpose of adjusting toe setting is to provide maximum ______ with _________ tire wear
stability, minimum
incorrect toe is a major cause of what?
excessive tire wear
excessive tow can cause what type of wear on tires
feathering
toe can also cause wear on the tire in what area
outer edges inner edges
incorrect front toe causes a pull condition true or false?
false
diagnola wear on a front tire of a front wheel drive vehicle is caused by
incorrect toe ok rear wheels of a front wheel vehicle
front toe adjustment is made by correctly adjusting what?
the rod sleeve
many manufacturers recommend what for the front wheels natural tendency to spread out.
toe in
wear on tie rod ends and other steering linkage part causes what?
toe out
