*Algorithms (Exam I)

Question 1

What are the two most important steps when using a defibrillator?

A) Checking the battery and calling for help
B) Placing the pads and turning it on
C) Turning it on and checking the pulse
D) Placing the pads and starting CPR

Answer 1

B) Placing the pads and turning it on

(this is not a serious card)

Question 2

The defibrillation dose for a Monophasic defibrillator is __ joules, and for a Biphasic defibrillator, it is __ joules.

A) 360, 120-200
B) 200, 300-360
C) 120, 200-300
D) 400, 100-150

Answer 2

A) 360, 120-200

Monophasic: 360 joules

Biphasic: 120 - 200 joules

Question 3

Which of the following are correct regarding the use of Epinephrine during adult cardiac arrest? (Select 2)

A) The dose is 1 mg
B) The dose is 2 mg
C) It should be given every 3-5 minutes
D) It should be given every 10 minutes
E) The dose is 0.5 mg

Answer 3

A) The dose is 1 mg
C) It should be given every 3-5 minutes

1mg every 3-5 min

Question 4

Which of the following are correct regarding the dose and frequency of Amiodarone in an adult cardiac arrest? (Select 2)

A) The initial dose is 150 mg
B) The initial dose is 300 mg
C) Subsequent doses are 300 mg
D) Subsequent doses are 150 mg
E) The initial dose is 100 mg

Answer 4

B) Initial dose: 300mg
D) Subsequent doses: 150mg

Question 5

Which of the following are correct regarding the dose and frequency of Lidocaine in an adult cardiac arrest? (Select 2)

A) The first dose is 1-1.5 mg/kg
B) The first dose is 0.5 mg/kg
C) The second dose is 0.5-0.75 mg/kg
D) The second dose is 2-3 mg/kg
E) The first dose is 2 mg/kg

Answer 5

A) 1st dose: 1-1.5 mg/kg

C) 2nd dose: 0.5-0.75 mg/kg

Question 6

Name all of the reversible causes of arrest that start with H. (H’s & T’s)

Answer 6

• Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
• Hyperkalemia
• Hypokalemia
• Hypothermia
• Hypovolemia
• Hypoxia

Imagine a person hiking up a mountain.
As they hike, their muscles produce too much acid (Hydrogen ion/acidosis).
They’re sweating out potassium, leading to Hyperkalemia and then Hypokalemia.
It’s getting cold as they go higher, leading to Hypothermia.
They’re thirsty from the long hike, indicating Hypovolemia.
Finally, at the top, they’re out of breath due to the thin air, causing Hypoxia.

Question 7

Name all of the reversible causes of arrest that start with T (H’s & T’s)

Answer 7

• Tamponade
• Tension pneumo
• Thrombosis (coronary or pulmonary)
• Toxins

Tamponade: Trouble in the heart
Tension pneumo: Trouble in the lungs
Thrombosis: Trouble in the blood vessels
Toxins: Trouble in the system

Question 8

What is the recommended temperature range for targeted temperature management (TTM) in post-arrest patients?

A) 30-32°C
B) 32-36°C
C) 36-38°C
D) 38-40°C

Answer 8

B) 32-36°C

Question 9

What is Atropine dosing on a bradycardic patient? (Select 3)

A) The first dose is 1 mg
B) The maximum dose is 3 mg
C) Subsequent doses can be given every 3-5 minutes
D) The first dose is 2 mg
E) The maximum dose is 5 mg

Answer 9

A)1st dose: 1mg bolus
B) 3mg max
C) Subsequent doses every 3-5min

Question 10

What is Dopamine dosing for a bradycardic patient?

A) 1-5 mcg/kg/min
B) 5-20 mcg/kg/min
C) 20-30 mcg/kg/min
D) 10-50 mcg/kg/min

Answer 10

B) 5 - 20 mcg/kg/min

“ Dopamine drives at 5 to 20, to keep the heart beating plenty”

Question 11

What is Epinephrine dosing for a bradycardic patient?
A) 1-5 mcg/min
B) 2-10 mcg/min
C) 10-20 mcg/min
D) 5-15 mcg/min

Answer 11

B) 2 - 10 mcg/min

“Epi for the Brady, 2 to 10 keeps it steady”

Question 12

If Atropine is unsuccessful in the treatment of adult bradycardia, what are the next treatment options? (select 3)

A) Transcutaneous pacing
B) Dopamine infusion
C) Epinephrine infusion
D) Amiodarone infusion
E) Defibrillation

Answer 12

A) Transcutaneous pacing
B) Dopamine infusion
C) Epinephrine infusion

Question 13

Unstable, narrow QRS tachycardia in adults should be treated with __ and possibly __ .

A) Synchronized cardioversion, adenosine
B) Defibrillation, amiodarone
C) Transcutaneous pacing, lidocaine
D) Epinephrine infusion, dopamine

Answer 13

A) Synchronized cardioversion, adenosine

Question 14

When would anti-arrhythmic infusions be given for an adult tachycardia patient?

A) If the patient has a stable, wide-QRS tachyarrhythmia
B) If the patient has a narrow-QRS tachyarrhythmia
C) If the patient is experiencing ventricular fibrillation
D) If the patient has a normal sinus rhythm

Answer 14

A) If the patient has a stable, wide-QRS tachyarrhythmia

Question 15

Which of the following anti-arrhythmic medications are part of the algorithm for stable, wide-QRS tachyarrhythmia?

A) Amiodarone, Procainamide, Sotalol
B) Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Dopamine
C) Adenosine, Atropine, Epinephrine
D) Magnesium, Procainamide, Epinephrine

Answer 15

A) Amiodarone, Procainamide, Sotalol

Question 16

What is the Adenosine dosing for an adult tachyarrhythmia patient? (Select 2)

A) First dose: 6 mg
B) First dose: 12 mg
C) Second dose: 12 mg
D) Second dose: 6 mg
E) First dose: 3 mg

Answer 16

A) 1st dose: 6 mg

C) 2nd dose: 12 mg

Question 17

What is the tachyarrhythmia dosing for Procainamide?
A) 5-10 mg/min
B) 20-50 mg/min
C) 10-20 mg/min
D) 30-60 mg/min

Answer 17

B) 20-50 mg/min

Question 18

What three results would cause one to stop the infusion of Procainamide ? Select 3

A) Arrhythmia is fixed
B) QRS duration increases by 50%
C) The patient reaches a dose of 17 mg/kg
D) The arrhythmia persists after 10 minutes
E) The QRS duration decreases by 50%

Answer 18

A) Arrhythmia is fixed
B) QRS duration increases by 50%
C) The patient reaches a dose of 17 mg/kg

Question 19

What is the maintenance dose of Procainamide?

A) 0.5-2 mg/min
B) 1-4 mg/min
C) 5-10 mg/min
D) 10-20 mg/min

Answer 19

B) 1-4 mg/min

Question 20

What is the tachyarrhythmia dosing of Amiodarone? (Select 2)

A) Bolus dose: 150 mg
B) Bolus dose: 300 mg
C) Maintenance dose: 1 mg/min for 6 hours
D) Maintenance dose: 2 mg/min for 12 hours
E) Bolus dose: 100 mg

Answer 20

A) Bolus: 150mg

C) Maintenance: 1 mg/min for 6 hours

Question 21

What is the tachyarrhythmia dosing of Sotalol?
A) 50 mg over 10 minutes
B) 100 mg (1.5 mg/kg) over 5 minutes
C) 200 mg over 5 minutes
D) 1 mg/kg over 10 minutes

Answer 21

B) 100 mg (1.5 mg/kg) over 5 minutes

Question 22

For a pregnant woman during cardiac arrest, how would one relieve aortocaval compression?

A) Supine positioning
B) Lateral uterine displacement
C) Manual abdominal compression
D) Trendelenburg position

Answer 22

B) Lateral uterine displacement

Question 23

What are the possible etiologies of maternal arrest? ( A through H)

Answer 23

• Anesthetic complications
• Bleeding
• Cardiovascular
• Drugs
• Embolism
• Fever
• General H & T’s
• Hypertension

Question 24

What Epinephrine dosing would be utilized on a neonate?

A) 0.05 mg/kg
B) 0.01 mg/kg
C) 0.1 mg/kg
D) 0.02 mg/kg

Answer 24

B) 0.01 mg/kg

Question 25

What is an Apgar score? Select 2
A) The Apgar score evaluates newborn health.
B) The Apgar score ranges from 0 (bad) to 10 (good).
C) The Apgar score is used to assess adult patients.
D) A score of 10 indicates poor health.

Answer 25

A) The Apgar score evaluates newborn health.
B) The Apgar score ranges from 0 (bad) to 10 (good).

Question 26

For pediatric arrest/bradycardia, the IV dose of epinephrine is __ mg/kg, and the endotracheal dose is __ mg/kg.

A) 0.01, 0.1
B) 0.1, 0.01
C) 0.05, 0.5
D) 0.1, 1.0

Answer 26

A) 0.01mg/kg , 0.1 mg/kg

IV dose 0.01mg/kg IV
Endotracheal dose: 0.1mg/kg

Question 27

What is the pediatric arrest dosing of Amiodarone?

A) 1 mg/kg bolus, up to 2 doses
B) 5 mg/kg bolus, up to 3 doses
C) 2 mg/kg bolus, up to 4 doses
D) 10 mg/kg bolus, up to 1 dose

Answer 27

B) 5 mg/kg bolus up to 3 doses

Question 28

What is the pediatric arrest dosing of Lidocaine?

A) 1 mg/kg
B) 2 mg/kg
C) 0.5 mg/kg
D) 3 mg/kg

Answer 28

A) 1mg/kg loading dose

“Lidocaine loads little ones with 1”

Question 29

What is the Defibrillating dose for a pediatric patient?
What about subsequent defibrillations?
Select 3

A) First shock: 2 J/kg
B) First shock: 4 J/kg
C) Second shock: 4 J/kg
D) Second shock: 6 J/kg
E) Subsequent doses: 4-10 J/kg
F) Subsequent doses: 10-15 J/kg

Answer 29

A) First shock: 2 J/kg

C) Second shock: 4 J/kg

E) subsequent dose: 4 - 10 J/kg

Question 30

Compressions on a pediatric patient should be started when the heart rate falls __.

A) Below 80 bpm
B) Below 100 bpm
C) Below 60 bpm
D) Below 40 bpm

Answer 30

C) Below 60 bpm

Question 31

What are the most common causes of pediatric bradycardia?

A) Hypoxia, Hypothermia, Medications
B) Hyperthermia, Hypovolemia, Medications
C) Hypotension, Hypoxia, Hypertension
D) Dehydration, Hyperthermia, Medications

Answer 31

A) Hypoxia, Hypothermia, Medications

Question 32

The Atropine dose for a bradycardic pediatric patient is __ mg/kg, with a minimum of __ mg and a maximum of __ mg.

A) 0.02 mg/kg, minimum 0.1 mg, maximum 0.5 mg
B) 0.1 mg/kg, minimum 0.5 mg, maximum 1 mg
C) 0.05 mg/kg, minimum 0.2 mg, maximum 0.7 mg
D) 0.02 mg/kg, minimum 0.2 mg, maximum 1 mg

Answer 32

A) 0.02 mg/kg, minimum 0.1 mg, maximum 0.5 mg

Dose: 0.02 mg/kg
min: 0.1mg
max: 0.5mg

Question 33

The synchronized cardioversion dose dose for pediatric tachycardia is __ J/kg, with a maximum of __ J/kg.

A) 0.5 - 1 J/kg, maximum 2 J/kg
B) 1 - 2 J/kg, maximum 3 J/kg
C) 0.5 - 1 J/kg, maximum 1 J/kg
D) 2 - 3 J/kg, maximum 4 J/kg

Answer 33

A) 0.5 - 1 J/kg, maximum 2 J/kg

Dose: 0.5 - 1 J/kg

max: 2 J/kg

Question 34

What is the pediatric tachycardia Adenosine dose? Select 2

A) 1st dose: 0.1 mg/kg (max 6 mg)
B) 1st dose: 0.2 mg/kg (max 12 mg)
C) 2nd dose: 0.2 mg/kg (max 12 mg)
D) 2nd dose: 0.1 mg/kg (max 6 mg)

Answer 34

A) 1st dose:0.1 mg/kg (max 6mg)
B) 2nd dose: 0.2 mg/kg (max 12mg)