Alexander The Great & Phillip II Flashcards
How did Alexander the Great grow up
As a brace, intelligent boy with strong leadership qualities
What happened with the black horse
Phillip 2 brought home a black horse but threw the king off and refused to be ridden. Phillip wanted to get rid of the horse. Alexander said they should keep the horse. Phillip said if he could ride it he could keep it. The horse let Alexander ride it. He figured out the horse didn’t like seeing his own shadow
What was the horses name
Bucephalus
What happened when Bucepheles was too old to go into battle
Alexander eventually got a younger horse
Name qualities Alexander has
Determination
Willingness to help others
Observation
Compassion
Respect
Who taught Alexander when he was 13 years old
Aristotle
What did Alexander do during military campaigns
Observe the plants and report his findings back to Aristotle. He even tagged wild deer to study their lifespan
What happened at the battle of Charonea
Alexander showed his bravery
He was stabbed but kept fighting
He was hit by an arrow and dragged off the battlefield but still continued to fight
Directed troops while recovering
Gordian Knot puzzle
Alexander solved the puzzle.
There was a wagon with knots no one could untied. Alexander cut it with his sword while many others tried to do it manually
What happened with Alexander and the Greek slaves
Alexander found slaves on the road to Persepolis. They came from Ionia and had been treated badly. He cried for them and gave them money, seeds, animals, clothing and shelter.
What happens at Persepolis with the Greeks
Many Greeks wanted to destroy the city
His soldiers burned Persepolis to the ground in revenge for the Persians burning Athens during the Persian war
What is the Hellenistic age
Another word for the Greek Age
Who was Phillip 2
King of Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great
How did Phillip defeat the Greek city-states
He would do things like marry a princess and full their fathers or make the city states fight each other
Demosthenes
Greek orator who tried to warn people about Phillip 2 but no one listened
How might the Greeks describe Phillip
Cruel and evil ruler
How old was Alexander when he took over for Phillip II
He was 20
How old was Alexander when he was commander in the army
16 - he cut his hair and beard so the enemies couldn’t pull them
What did Aristotle teach Alexander
Literature
Political science
Geography
Biology
What empire did Alexander conquer
The Persian empire. He has no fear and would have gone farther but his troups wanted to go home.
He never lost a battle
What was Alexanders goal
To unite the world in peace by controlling it
Steps to unite:
Wanted to unite the Macedonians, Greeks & Persians
Married a Persia princess and has his troops do it too
Dressed like a Persian and followed customs
Alexander claimed he was what
A god - the Egyptians treated him this way
Anyone that didn’t speak Greek was known as a —
Barbaroi (barbicans)
How many cities did Alexander found
70
16/70 were named Alexandria
Where was Alexander most famous
Egypt
Alexandria
Had two great harbors. One had a lighthouse which was 400 ft high and considered a wonder of the ancient war
What was the best school in Alexandria
The museum ; famous people like Eclid went there
How did Alexander die
He was 33 and contracted what they believe to be malaria. His body was wrapped in gold and placed in a coffin
What happened to Alexander’s empire
They were divided and the Greek city states became independent again
What happened to the Greek culture after Alexander died
Greek culture spread and many people spoke Greek and Alexander’s face was on his coins
Trade after Alexander died
Trade grew and many things were traded between Egypt and India
They traded things like spices, ivory, incense, pearls, wood, glass, metals etc
What happened with Phillip II when he was hostage
When he was a hostage, he learned to love Greek culture but hated the Greek government and studied the weaknesses in it
What did Phillip do to the Macedonian army
Turned them into a all year round, professional and organized army
What is a phalanx
Foot soldiers formed a solid body of 16 rows deeps. They had overlapping shields and charged as a group. The soldiers had spears that were 14 ft long
What did Phillip II do to the Greek city states
He caused fights between Greek city states
Made treaties with the Greek city states to only break them later
Married seven times to form political alliances
What message did Phillip II send to Sparta
You are advised to submjt without further delay for if I brjng my army into your land. I will destroy your farms , slay your people and raze your city
Sparta said “if”
They never bothered with Sparta
Phillip II Death
Was assassinated by his bodyguards. They were paid by Phillips wife
She had all of his kids killed too except for Alexander
