alex 7 gh unit 9+10 test Flashcards
1
Q
Natural resources
A
Part of nature that people can use
2
Q
In 1869 Rupert land =?
A
?= nwt
3
Q
Began to mark the
A
usa-canada border
4
Q
The nwmp b/c
A
Violence was common
5
Q
Border was
A
- On the 49th parallel between Canada and USA-every 1.6 km they planted an iron post-every 5 km they planted a small mound of earth
6
Q
Whoop up country was
A
Cypress hill in Saskatchewan
7
Q
problems
A
Whiskey sellerswolfers
8
Q
Whiskey sellers
A
usa ppl that want extra money -sell wiskey to fn ppl
9
Q
wolfers
A
Wanted wolves so poisoned dead dogs to catch wolves
10
Q
ppl who need police force built was
A
Jam
11
Q
He made the
A
nwmp
12
Q
nwmp would
A
-Made USA aware that Canada owned the land-protect fn and other groups from American ppl whop R mean-help newcomers adjust-keep peace -fn and new setlers
13
Q
A group of ? were near 2 trading posts in cypress hill
A
?=Nakoda
14
Q
massacre
A
-wolfers thought that they stole horses-nakoda camp was ambushed-36 ppl were murdered
15
Q
The great march west
A
-Police went 2 Manitoba for training-ox carts, horses, wagons w/ them-food ran low, horses dies, got lost-once they got there 2 forts were made-fort MacLeod ,fort Edmonton
16
Q
Role of. The nwmp
A
Make a life peace flu of ppl in Canada-enforce law-cleared out whisky traders-delivered mail-fought fires-helped farmers-fought in nw rebellion of 1885
17
Q
Use the resources effectively in Canada nedded
A
NAME?
18
Q
National policy
A
NAME?
19
Q
Transportation policy
A
Build a railway
20
Q
Immigration policy
A
Encourage farmers to move
21
Q
Economic policy
A
Build a strong economy
22
Q
Transcontinental railway means
A
A railway going across the country
23
Q
y build railway
A
NAME?
24
Q
2 options
A
Northern route Southern route
25
southern route was chosen b/c
#NAME?
26
Building the line
-Private company build it-mostly Chinese ppl working on it-1 km of track cost 1/2 million dollars
27
Chinese workers problems
#NAME?
28
weather
#NAME?
29
Summer
#NAME?
30
winter
#NAME?
31
housing
#NAME?
32
food
#NAME?
33
wage
Very little and inexpensive for the investors
34
The last spike
November 7,1885 Donald Smith drove the last spike at Craigellachie in British Columbia
35
Land policy
Divide up land
36
How it was divided
-Divided into townships-Each township was divided into 36 square sections-Each section was divided into 4 quarter sections-2 townships were for schools-some for hbc-some for cpr
37
Dominion land act
Act making land more available
38
Who could apply
-any family -any male 21 or older-after 1882 women could apply too
39
What would they get
1 homestead-$10
40
What they had to do
-Live on it for 6 months-build a house-to start farming land
41
When would they get there land
After 3 years
42
y they gave up
#NAME?
43
poor
#NAME?
44
weather
#NAME?
45
Improve population
#NAME?
46
Newcomers from Ontario
#NAME?
47
mennonites
-a religious offshoot of ProtestantismThey do not believe in violence or war-in Russia the czar wanted them to fight - say no b/c against there religion-Canada see and say come here b/c of religion freedom , and farmingSay yesBig group were 7000
48
gimli
-Means paradise-came from Iceland b/c of volcanoes-called new Iceland-freedom of religion and laws-bad Became Manitoba in 1881
49
y bad for gimli
#NAME?
50
competition
Between USA and Canada -was cheaper in USA then CanadaSo-Canada made a tax on imported goods whitchg made Canada more cheap then usa
51
Changes in nwt
#NAME?
52
fn and metis problems
-neglected by government-immigrants were mean-tried to change but can't
53
historical perspective
History is similar to your memory. It is the record of what has happened in the past. Without history, we do not know how things came to be as they are today. All events have their roots in the past. Things happen because other things have happened. History helps us to understand why things are the way they are.
54
Why did people move to British Columbia?
b/c they were promised fertile land
55
What happened in 1850 which changed the economy in British Columbia?
Fn were mining gold for moany yrs then when hsbc set up trading post they found out about gold .many people heard about the gold then started the gold rush
56
What are prospectors?
Ppl searching for gold
57
What was Governor James Douglas worried about happening?
He did want the same thing that happened to California-lawlessness
58
How did he fix this?
He issuing licenses to miners and created a police force
59
What are magistrates?
judges
60
How did the gold rush affect the local First Nations? What was their reaction?
Scared fish away – major resources for fn they stood up and said no but then they killed the fn for the gold
61
What was created in 1858 to bring law and order?
b created bc in 1858 the bring order to the situaton
62
Where was more gold found? Why was this a problem? What was Douglas's Solution?
Quesnel River in the Cariboo MountainsB/c hard to get supplies to camps so build a road
63
Where did the Cariboo Road eventually lead? What did this do for the town?
Fraser RiverIt turned into a very big city
64
Although the gold rush only lasted until 1868, it had far reaching effects. Describe these effects.
Victoria was turned into a big cityNewcomer’s stayed-built farms and houses and businesses B officials started government Fraser mills was created
65
Describe how the Fraser Mills Company helped create a town
Needed ppl to work so ppl stayed to pop
66
What was life like for the First Nations in BC?
B4 the gold rush the fn fried to adjust –but hard. Did not understand way of life
67
What were the Douglas Treaties?
14 pieces of land on Vancouver Island from the fn
68
Describe why there was tension and anger between the First Nations and The newcomers.
b/c they got put on camps
69
Why was BC combined into on Colony?
b/c it would cost too much money to keep them separate
70
Why were the colonists unhappy with Britain?
b/c bc was in debt and was very poor-spent too much money on the road
71
What were the three choices of the colonists?
Stay b colonyBecome Canadian provinceJoin usa
72
What did BC want in return for joining Canada?
Canada to pay debtBuild a road from parries 2 pacific Canada to pay new provinces every year
73
What did Canada offer that “sweetened” the deal?
transcontinental railway
74
When did BC join Confederation?
20 July 1871
75
What FOUR factors made those in PEI change their minds? Describe in detail.
Land question-absentee b owned land, islanders paid rent to landownersRailway-give jobs and provide trade oppTrade with usa-cant trade –no agree-so Canada was only choiceB w/no more cost-b wanted to not spend so much on running pei.canada no want usa to take over –so pressure from b and Canada
76
What did Canada eventually agree to in 1873 concerning PEI?
Pay debts of pplPay BC money every yrs.Pay cost of railwayYr. round boat serviceGive Pei 6 MP in hocBuy land from absentee in b
77
What vast area of Canada was not yet a province?
ManitobaMountainsNW territories
78
What was achieved in 1897 in NWT?
Canada buy Rupert’s land and hsbc
79
Why did responsible government not seem enough for those living in NWT?
Pop was growingNWT should get same as everyone else
80
Why was joining confederation different for NWT than for BC or PEI?
NWT was already part of Canada Problem was to become province or not
81
What three things had to be decided before becoming a province?
Of provincesDivision of powers and ownership of resourcesMinority rights
82
What were the two differing views on “one province or two”?
Laurier-1 -2 large -1 -2 powerful -2 – Would support minority rights-educationHualtain-2 –been 1 governt for long- why change
83
Describe how the education system changed over time.
1- Only catholic, francophone2- 1875 catholic school allowed separate3-1892english was language at school only,
84
What compromise was reached?
#NAME?
85
What effect did joining confederation have on the local First Nations?
Effect-govert sigh tree tee w/ FN – put on reserves, FN kids go to Canadian schoolFN resisted assimilation
86
What was the Newfoundland economy based on? Why did this become a Problem in the 1930s?
Natural resources-fish, wood, mineralsPrices dropped – no money to buy-lost jobs
87
What crisis was the colony facing?
Colony was going to go bankrupt
88
What happened in 1934? When did the economy get better?
b-no more elected till good economynfl-b appointed would run till economy get goodget good-end of ww2 b/c Canada and usa need matt to build bases for ww2-econy good
89
What alternatives did Newfoundlanders have?
#NAME?
90
What were positive benefits of confederation?
Social servicesStable economy
91
What happened on June 3 1948?
Voted in a referendum
92
What's a referendum?
Public vote
93
What happened on July 22? What was the result?
1 more public vote-results-join Canada
94
What were some positive short term effects?
Ppl got social programs-employment insurance, health care, old age pensions
95
What were some long term effects?
Fishing- downCod fishery- closedLimit-seal hunt
96
What was the impact on local First Nations?
way of life bad-fight for culturesSome gain recognition but most notCommunities recognised in actPpl formed associations for cultures and to claim lands
