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chemistry > aldehydes through mercaptans > Flashcards

aldehydes through mercaptans Flashcards

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1
Q

formed by partial oxidation by a primary alcohol; containing 1/more CHO groups, alcohol depleted of hydrogen

A

aldehydes

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2
Q

aldehyde general formula

A

R-CHO

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3
Q

aldehyde functional group

A

carbonyl

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4
Q

methanal; formaldehyde line formula

A

HCHO

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5
Q

formaldehyde molecular formula

A

CH2O

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6
Q

preparation of formaldehyde

A

partial oxidation of primary alcohol; methanol to commercially manufacture

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7
Q

properties of formaldehyde

A

colorless gas
irritation odor/pungent
soluble in water

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8
Q

formaldehyde combines with water to form

A

methylene glycol

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9
Q

number of grams of formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100ml of solution

A

index

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10
Q

uses of formaldehyde

A

disinfectant

preservative

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11
Q

formaldehyde gas in water

A

formalin

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12
Q

ethanal

A

acetaldehyde

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13
Q

perfuming agent

A

benzaldehyde

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14
Q

2 carbonyl groups; at least one has to be attached to end carbon

A

dialdehydes

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15
Q

dialdehydes (2)

A

glyoxal; ethane

glutaraldehyde; 1,5 pentiethanol

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16
Q

aldehyde ex:

A

methanal; formaldehyde
ethanol; acetaldehyde
benzaldehyde
dialdehydes-glyoxal : ethanel; gluataraldehye: 1,5 pentiethanol

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17
Q

formed by partial oxidation of secondary alcohol

A

ketones

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18
Q

ketone general formula

A

R-CO-R

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19
Q

ketone functional group

A

carbonyl

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20
Q

propanone

A

dimethyl ketone/acetone

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21
Q

ketone ex:

A

propanone

22
Q

organic acids; contain carboxyl group in compound; formed by partial oxidation of aldehyde

A

carboxylic acids

23
Q

carboxylic acid general formula

A

R-COOH

24
Q

carboxylic acids functional group

A

carboxyl

25
Q

formic acid

A

methanoic acid

26
Q

acetic acid; active ingredient in vinegar

A

ethanoic acid

27
Q

carboxylic acid ex: (2)

A

methanoic acid

ethanoic acid

28
Q

formed by reaction between alcohol and organic acid

A

esters

29
Q

esters general formula

A

R-COO-R

30
Q

used in cavity fluids, disinfecting sprays; sealers

A

ethyl acetate

31
Q

oil of wintergreen; added as perfuming agent

A

methyl salicylate

32
Q

esters ex: (2)

A

ethyl acetate

methyl salicylate

33
Q

formed in reactions of 2 alcohols

A

ethers

34
Q

ethers general formula

A

R-O-R’

35
Q

anasthetic

A

diethyl ether

36
Q

ether ex:

A

diethyl ether

37
Q

contain nitrogen; formed from ammonia by replacing 1/more hydrogen atoms with organic radicals

A

amines

38
Q

amine general formula

A

R-NH2

39
Q

amine properties

A

alkaline in solution
disagreeable odor
decomposition products of proteins

40
Q

putrecine, cadaverine

A

methyl amine

41
Q

surface active agents used for disinfection of skin, oral, and nasal cavities and instruments

A

quanternary ammonium compounds; benzo

42
Q

amine ex: (2)

A

methyl amine

quanterary ammonium compounds

43
Q

formed by neutralization of organic acid with ammonia; derived from ammonia by substituting a carbonyl group for hydrogen; formed from organic acid by replacing OH group from carboxyl

A

amides

44
Q

amides general formula

A

R-CONH-R’

45
Q

produced by metabolism of proteins

A

urea

46
Q

amide ex: (2)

A

diethylforamide

urea

47
Q

chemical organic compounds similar to alcohol which hydroxyl group, OH, is replaced by sulfhydrol group, SH

A

thile alcohols, mercaptans

48
Q

thile alcohol/mercaptans general formula

A

R-SH

49
Q

thile alcohol/mercaptan ex:

A

ethyl mercaptan

50
Q

put in natural gas smell

A

ethyl mercaptan

chemistry (9 decks)

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