Aldehydes and Ketones - A & K Chem & Oxidation Flashcards
1
Q
What is a carbonyl group?
A
C=O
2
Q
Give examples of carbonyl groups?
A
Aldehyes = R-C=O H ]Ketones = R-C=O - R
3
Q
Why do carbonyls have dipole-dipole IMFs
A
No H-bonding between molecules so have a lower melting and boiling point compared to alcohols and carboxylic acids of a similar size
4
Q
Why are carbonyls water soluble?
A
Can hydrogen bond with water molecules .
However solubility decreases with increased chain length
5
Q
How are carbonyl open to nucleophillic attack?
A
C delta + is targetted by nucleophiles
such as :
:H- in reduction
and :CN- in nucleophillic addition
6
Q
How do you turn a primary alcohol into an aldehyde?
A
acidified dichromate ion
Distilliation
7
Q
How do you turn an aldehyde into a C’Acid
A
Acidified dichromate ion
REFLUX
8
Q
How do you turn a secondary alcohols into ketones
A
Acidified dichromate ion
REFLUX
