Alcohols Flashcards
What is the functional group of an alcohol
-OH
What other name can be given to the -OH other than an alcohol group
Hydroxyl group
What is the suffix of an alcohol
-ol
Are alcohols soluble
yes
what makes alcohols soluble
they have a polar part in the O-H bond causing hydrogen bonding between water molecules
What makes alcohols have higher melting points than alkanes
Both have London forces but hydrogen bonds in alcohol make a huge difference in the amount of energy required to overcome these forces
What is a primary alcohol
where the -OH is attached to a carbon which is attached to 1 carbon
What is a secondary alcohol
where the -OH is attached to a carbon which is attached to 2 carbons
What is a tertiary alcohol
where the -OH is attached to a carbon which is attached to 3 carbons
what products form in the complete combustion of alcohols
carbon dioxide and water ( and energy )
The higher the stability of the alcohol, the ____ energy released per mole
more
What is the typical oxidising agent used to oxidise alcohols
acidified potassium dichromate
What happens when you oxidise a primary alcohol in a distillation on gentle heating with an [O]
Aldehyde produced
What happens when you oxidise a primary alcohol in a reflux on strong heating with an [O]
carboxylic acid produced
What happens when you oxidise a secondary alcohol in a reflux with an [O]
ketone produced
What happens when you try and oxidise a tertiary alcohol with an [O]
alcohol stays as an alcohol
What is dehydration
when water is removed from the starting material
What happens when you heat an alcohol under reflux with an acid catalyst
an alkene is formed
