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Chemistry > ALCOHOLS > Flashcards

ALCOHOLS Flashcards

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0
Q

How does alcohol soluble in water if contain large hydrophobic region ?

A

Larger hydrophobic region of alcohols decreases solubility

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1
Q

What is hydrophobic

A

Hydrocarbon

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2
Q

Rule for water solubility of alcohols

A

Have high water soluble, should have no more than 5 carbon atom per OH group.

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3
Q

Reaction to make alcohol

A

Sn1, sn2 involve to make alcohols

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4
Q

Green art reagent

A

R-MgX

Attach to ketone and aldehyde or ester to form alcohol with a newly installed R group

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5
Q

What reaction we will use to convert alcohol to Allene?

A

E2 and E1

E1 won’t work in alcohol primary

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6
Q

SUBSTITUTION Reaction in ALCOHOLS

A

Sn1 and sn2

React with Acid HX to form good leaving group then with nucleophile X-

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7
Q

What catalyst presence when alcohol react with HCl?

A

HCl is not not a good nucleophilic it need ZnCl2 when react with alcohol

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8
Q

Way to Substitute in alcohols

A
  • use Sn1 in tertiary
  • use Sn2 in primary and secondary: presence of ZnCl2 to help protonate
  • convert OH to tosylate(OTs) when react with TsCl
  • use reagent thionyl chloride SOCL2 into alkyl chloride
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9
Q

THIONYL CHLORIDE

A

SOCl2

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10
Q

What is a good reagent to use for oxidation in alcohols?

A

Chromic acid

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11
Q

CHROMIC ACID

A

H2CrO4

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12
Q

Mixture of CHROMIC ACID

A

Mixing of sodium dichromate and sulfuric acid

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13
Q

SSODIUM DICHROMATE

A

Na2Cr2O7

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14
Q

SULFURIC ACID

A

H2SO4

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15
Q

How we convert alcohol to carboxylic acid?

A

Primary alcohol react with chromic acid

16
Q

Primary alcohol react with what reagent to form aldehyde?

A

PCC

17
Q

Secondary alcohol react with to form ketone

A

PCC or H2CrO7

18
Q

What happen in tertiary alcohol in oxidation?

A

There is no reaction

19
Q

How to convert alcohol to ether?

A

First react with strong base like NA or sodium amide that stronger than alkoxide ion to get proton leaving alcohol to alkoxide ion(-OR)

Then -OR react with primary alkyl halide to form ether. Under SN2 reaction

20
Q

Reaction to form alcohol

A

Alkyl halide react with strong nucleophile or weak nucleophile to form alcohol

21
Q

Reaction to form alcohol from alkene

A
  1. React with HO3
  2. X2/H2O
    OH add to most substients

3 react with (BH3. THF)/H2O2. NaOH
OH add to least substituents

Chemistry (10 decks)

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