Alcohols Flashcards
What is the general formula of an alcohol
CnH2n+1OH
What kind of intermolecular force do alcohols have and why?
Hydrogen bonding
Due to the difference in electronegativity in the OH bond
What is a primary alcohol
the C bonded to OH is only bonded to one other C atom
What is a secondary alcohol
C bonded to OH is bonded to two other C atoms
What makes a tertiary alcohol
C bonded to OH is bonded to three other C atoms
What forms if you partially oxidise a primary alcohol
An aldehyde
What conditions are needed to partially oxidise a primary alcohol
Dilute sulphuric acid
Acidified potassium dichromate
Distillation under gentle heat
What is the equation for the partial oxidation of an alcohol
Alcohol + [0] —-> Aldehyde + H20
What forms if you fully oxidise a primary alcohol
A carboxylic acid
What conditions are needed to fully oxidise a primary
[H2SO4]
Acidified potassium dichromate
Reflux under strong heat
What is the equation for the full oxidation of a primary alcohol
Alcohol + 2[O] —> Carboxylic acid + H20
What forms if you oxidise a secondary alcohol
A ketone
What conditions are needed for the oxidation of a secondary alcohol
[H2SO4]
Acidified potassium dichromate
Reflux under strong heat
Write the equation for the oxidation of a secondary alcohol
Alcohol + [O] –> Ketone + H2O
What are the conditions needed for a dehydration reaction
[Acid]
170 degree c
