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Organic Chemistry > Alcohols > Flashcards

Alcohols Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group for alcohols?

A

-OH

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2
Q

Name the first four alcohols

A

Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol
Butanol

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3
Q

What is the structural formula of methanol

draw the displayed formula first

A

CH3OH

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4
Q

What is the structural formula of ethanol

draw the displayed formula first

A

CH3CH2OH

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5
Q

What is the structural formula for propanol?

draw the displayed formula first

A

CH3CH2CH2OH

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6
Q

What is the structural formula for butanol?

draw the displayed formula first

A

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

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7
Q

How is ethanol produced in fermentation?

A

Glucose is mixed with yeast to produce an aqueous solution of ethanol and carbon dioxide

basically aerobic respiration!!!

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8
Q

What are the conditions required for the fermentation of glucose using yeast

A

30 degrees Celcius

Anaerobic conditions (no oxygen present)

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9
Q

What are the advantages are producing ethanol using fermentation?

A

1) The low temperature (30 degrees Celcius) means that the reaction does not require a great amount of energy
2) The glucose used in the reaction is extracted from plants so it is renewable

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of producing ethanol using fermentation?

A

The ethanol produced is in an aqueous solution
The ethanol must be purified using distillation- distillation requires a great amount of energy

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11
Q

Are alcohols soluble in water?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What happens when an alcohol dissolves in water?

A

A neutral solution is formed

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13
Q

What happens to the solubility of alcohols in water as the number of carbon atoms increases?

A

The solubility decreases

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14
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between sodium and methanol

A

Methanol + Sodium → Sodium Methoxide + Hydrogen

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15
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between sodium and ethanol?

A

Ethanol + Sodium → Sodium Ethoxide + Hydrogen

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16
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between propanol and sodium?

A

Propanol + Sodium → Sodium Propoxide + Hydrogen

17
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between Butanol and sodium?

A

Butanol + Sodium → Sodium Butoxide + Hydrogen

18
Q

What happens when an alcohol reacts with an oxidising agent?

A

Carboxyllic acid and Water are produced

19
Q

What is produced when alcohols are combusted

Wen carbons react with oxygen

A

Carbon dioxide and water are produced

20
Q

What is the molecular formula of methanol?

A

CH4O

21
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols?

A

CnH2n+2O

Basically the alkane plus an O

22
Q

What is the molecular formula for ethanol?

A

C2H6O

23
Q

What is the molecular formula of propanol?

A

C3H8O

24
Q

What is the molecular structure of butanol?

A

C4H10O

Organic Chemistry (10 decks)

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