Alcohol Use Disorder Flashcards
which of the following is true about binge drinking
1. binge drinking can have the same effect as having the same amount over a longer period of time
2. it is linked with higher rates of behaviours that put people’s health at risk
3. is never safe
4. all of the above
4
Among healthy individuals, there is a continuum of risk for alcohol related harms where the risk is
Negligible to low for individuals who consume __ standard drinks or less / wk
Mod for ____ standard drinks/wk
Increasingly high for ____ standard drinks/ wk
2
3-6
>6
On any occasion, any level of consumption has risks, and with more than ____ standard drinks, most individuals will have an increased risk of______________
2
injury or other problems
which of the following statistics is true
1. Disproportionately more injuries, violence, and deaths result from men’s drinking
2. Above low levels of alcohol consumption, the health risks increase more steeply for women than for men
3. Having <2 drinks per week is safe in breastfeeding, but is strongly recommended against
4. any level of alcohol consumption is associated with some risk
3
how often should you screen for alcohol use disorder
annually and with major life events
name 2 tools used to screen for AUD
CAGE
AUDIT-C
what are 2 pros of CAGE
easy Y/N questions, doesn’t require quantification of alcohol (tends to underreport)
what is a con for CAGE
less sensitive than AUDIT-C for detecting high risk drinking patterns
what is a con for AUDIT-C
may be less sensitive for specific groups like women, older adults, other ethnicities, etc
T or F: screening alone is enough to improve AUD outcomes
F
A variety of approaches exist for brief interventions- what is consistent is that they include a ________________
brief variant of motivational interviewing
what is the 5 A model for delivering alcohol use brief interventiosn
ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange
what is included in the “assess” piece of alcohol use brief interventions
is the pt willing to make a change rn
what is included in the “advise” piece of alcohol use brief interventions
advising pts in a clear, strong, and personalized manner that they may be at risk of alcohol related harms
define alcohol use disorder + how long the time period must be
a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least 2 of the designated criteria, occurring within a 12mth period
define the following
clinically significant problematic behavioural or psychological changes that develop during, or shortly after alcohol ingestion
alcohol intoxication
T or F: a person may have BAD of >40 but still be functional if they have been a heavy user
T
T or F: a patient may undergo alcohol withdrawal even if they still have alcohol in their blood
T- is a relative change
what would we expect to see at 5mg/dL
legally impaired
what would we expect to see at 10mg/dL
significantly impaired
what would we expect to see at 20mg/dL
impaired ability to walk
what would we expect to see at 30mg/dL
loss of consciousness
what would we expect to see at 40mg/dL
respiratory arrest, coma, death
define alcohol withdrawal
cessation of (or reduction in) alcohol use that has been heavy and prolonged (hangover = mild sx of alcohol withdrawal)
when is alcohol withdrawal expected to set in
48-72hrs up to 5 days
sx expected <6-12hrs from alcohol cessation
Hand tremors, N/V, mild agitation, anxiety, insomnia, HA, diaphoresis
sx expected 12-24hrs after alcohol cessation
Alcohol hallucinosis: transient tactile disturbances (pruritus, pins and needles, burning, numbness), transient auditory and visual hallucinations
when does alcohol hallucinosis usually resolve
after 48hrs
sx expected 24-48hrs after alcohol cessation
Tachycardia, HPTN, marked agitation, withdrawal seizures
sx expected 48-72hrs after alcohol cessation
delirium tremens, seizures, hallucinations, profuse diaphoresis , tachycardia, tremors
depending on tolerance, people can go into severe withdrawal early than ____
48hrs
if a patient has stopped alcohol 50 hours ago and has not had a seizure, is it likely that they will have one?
no- if >48hrs
T or F: alcohol withdrawal is fatal
T
how dose alcohol withdrawal result in seizures
With chronic alcohol use, brain and body adapts so GABA mediated systems becomes less sensitive and GLU systems become hypersensitive- sudden stop = increased sensitivity to excitation (hypersensitive glutamate system) = lowers seizure threshold
list 3 factors that increase withdrawal
seizure withdrawal, previous tremens, + hx for impatient residential tx programs, blacked out, use of other CNS depressants or illicit substances, evidence of increased autonomic activity (if HPTN + HR already high)
T or F: delirium tremens can be fatal
T
