AKI Flashcards
1
Q
What is acute kidney injury?
A
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden loss of renal function
2
Q
What are the 3 classifications of AKI, and what percentage of cases are with each?
A
1) . Pre-renal AKI - 60%
2) . Intrinsic AKI - 35%
3) . Post-renal AKI - 5%
3
Q
What is the cause of pre-renal AKI?
A
Any condition leading to reduced renal perfusion:
- Absolute fluid loss (haemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhoea, burns)
- Distributive fluid loss (fluid moving into cells as in sepsis, heart failure)
- Blockage (renal artery/vein thrombosis, embolus)
4
Q
4 most common causes of intra-renal AKI?
A
1) . Acute tubular necrosis
2) . Glomerulonephritis
3) . Vascular
4) . Tubulointerstitial nephritis
5
Q
What is the most common cause of intrinsic AKI, and what percentage of cases?
A
Acute tubular necrosis ~ 85% of cases