AKI Flashcards

1
Q

What is acute kidney injury?

A

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden loss of renal function

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2
Q

What are the 3 classifications of AKI, and what percentage of cases are with each?

A

1) . Pre-renal AKI - 60%
2) . Intrinsic AKI - 35%
3) . Post-renal AKI - 5%

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3
Q

What is the cause of pre-renal AKI?

A

Any condition leading to reduced renal perfusion:

  • Absolute fluid loss (haemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhoea, burns)
  • Distributive fluid loss (fluid moving into cells as in sepsis, heart failure)
  • Blockage (renal artery/vein thrombosis, embolus)
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4
Q

4 most common causes of intra-renal AKI?

A

1) . Acute tubular necrosis
2) . Glomerulonephritis
3) . Vascular
4) . Tubulointerstitial nephritis

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of intrinsic AKI, and what percentage of cases?

A

Acute tubular necrosis ~ 85% of cases

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