AKI

Question 1

What is acute kidney injury?

Answer 1

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden loss of renal function

Question 2

What are the 3 classifications of AKI, and what percentage of cases are with each?

Answer 2

1) . Pre-renal AKI - 60%
2) . Intrinsic AKI - 35%
3) . Post-renal AKI - 5%

Question 3

What is the cause of pre-renal AKI?

Answer 3

Any condition leading to reduced renal perfusion:

• Absolute fluid loss (haemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhoea, burns)
• Distributive fluid loss (fluid moving into cells as in sepsis, heart failure)
• Blockage (renal artery/vein thrombosis, embolus)

Question 4

4 most common causes of intra-renal AKI?

Answer 4

1) . Acute tubular necrosis
2) . Glomerulonephritis
3) . Vascular
4) . Tubulointerstitial nephritis

Question 5

What is the most common cause of intrinsic AKI, and what percentage of cases?

Answer 5

Acute tubular necrosis ~ 85% of cases