AKI Flashcards
Abrupt loss of kidney function w/ serum creatinine ≥ 3 w/in 48 hours (or ≥ 1.5x baseline) is concerning for what?
AKI DX test could also be decreased urine output, <0.5 ml/kg/hr x 6 hrs
Three general causes of AKI? And which the most common?
Intrinsic > Prerenal > Postrenal
Pt w/ AKI presents with hypovolemia, renal aa stenosis and edema. What should you suspects as the cause?
Prerenal
Pt presents with AKI secondary to IV contrast use. What cause should you suspect?
Intrinsic
Pt w/ obstruction of bilateral ureters resulting in decreased GFR. How should you classify at the cause?
Postenal
What drug affect GFR?
NSAIDS ACE-I
What is most common cause of postrenal ARF?
CA
Muddy brown casts are pathognomonic for what?
Acute Tubular Necrosis
What is the most common cause of intrinsic AKI?
ATN
What is the relationship b/w GFR and creatinine?
Inverse
If FENa is < 1% should you be concerned for prerenal cause of AKI or ANT?
AKI
If FENa is >2% should you be concerned for prerenal cause of AKI or ANT?
ANT
T or F: PTs w/ AKI will never recover renal function?
FALSE Most recover renal function but left with some dysfunction
AKI can increased risk of what 2 diseases?
CKD ESRD
What should you assess with every AKI pt?
Volume status
TX for pt that is volume overloaded and is producing urine?
Diuretics (short term) Dialysis (long term)
TX for pt w/ volume over load, low urine output, and severe metabolic acidosis?
Dialysis
When would you give bicarb for tx of AKI?
No volume overload Diarrhea Awaiting dialysis
What electrolyte, if elevated, can cause impaired NM transmission, and cardiac conduction abn?
Hyperkalemia
Is hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia more common w/ AKI?
Hypocalcemia
TX for Hypocalcemia w/ AKI?
IV Ca
Pt w/ Trousseau’s sign, Chvostek’s sign and prolonged QT, what electrolyte should you be concerned about?
Hypocalcemia
Is uremia more common w/ AKI or CKD?
CKD
What is the tx for hyerphosphatemia (>5.5 mg/dl)
Dietary phosphate binders (Low serum ionized Ca = Ca containing High serum ionized Ca = non-Ca containing)
Fluid, hormone, electrolyte, and metabolic ab will parallel renal function deterioration when what is in the blood?
urea (uremia)
