Airway Medications

Question 1

Mechanism of action:

Albuterol

Answer 1

• beta 2 agonist
• smooth muscle relaxation

Question 2

Indications:

Albuterol

Answer 2

• COPD
• Asthma
• Bronchospasm

Question 3

Adult and pediatric dose:

Albuterol

Answer 3

• adult: 2.5 mg
• pediatric: 1.25 mg

Question 4

Mechanism of action:

Diphenhydramine

Answer 4

H1 histamine antagonist and decreases inflammatory response.

Question 5

Indications:

Diphenhydramine

Answer 5

• allergic reaction
• Anaphylaxis

Question 6

Adult and pediatric dose:

Diphenhydramine

Answer 6

• Adult: 25-50 mg
• Pediatric: 1-2 mg/kg

Question 7

Mechanism of action:

Epinephrine

Answer 7

• increases HR
• vasoconstriction
• relaxes smooth muscle

Beta-1, Beta-2, Alpha-1 agonist.

Question 8

Indications:

Epinephrine

Airway

Answer 8

• Anaphylaxis
• Asthma
• allergic reaction

Question 9

Adult and pediatric dose:

Epinephrine

Airway

Answer 9

Adult:

• Allergic reactions/Asthma: 0.3 - 0.5 mg of SC 1:1,000
• Anaphylaxis: 0.1 mg of IV 1:10,000

Pediatric:

• Allergic reactions/Asthma: 0.01 mg/kg of SC 1:1,000
• Anaphylaxis: 0.01 mg/kg of IM 1:1,000

Question 10

Mechanism of action:

Racemic Epinephrine

Answer 10

Beta-2 agonist for receptors in the lungs and relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle.

Question 11

Indications:

Racemic Epinephrine

Answer 11

• croup
• laryngeal edema

Question 12

Adult and pediatric dose:

Racemic Epinephrine

Answer 12

Adult: 5ml in 5ml NS
Pediatric:

• 0.25ml in 2.5ml NS (<20kg)
• 0.5ml in 2.5ml NS (20-40kg)
• 0.75ml in 2.5ml NS (>40kg)

NS: Normal Saline

Question 13

Mechanism of action:

Atrovent

Answer 13

Decreases secretions and increases bronchodilation.

Question 14

Indications:

Atrovent

Answer 14

• Bronchospasm
• COPD

Question 15

Adult and pediatric dose:

Atrovent

Answer 15

• Adult: 250-500 mcg
• Pediatric: 250 mcg

Question 16

When is levalbuterol better than albuterol for bronchospasm?

Answer 16

high HR

It does not have Beta-1 effects.

Question 17

Mechanism of action:

Methylprednisolone

Answer 17

Corticosteroid that decreases airway inflammation.

Question 18

Indications:

Methylprednisolone

Answer 18

• Anaphylaxis
• Asthma
• COPD

Question 19

Adult and pediatric dose:

Methylprednisolone

Answer 19

• Adult: 125 mg
• Pediatric: 1-2 mg/kg

Question 20

Mechanism of action:

Rocuronium

Answer 20

Antagonizes acetylcholine at synaptic cleft.

Non-depolarizing paralytic

Question 21

Indications:

Rocuronium

Answer 21

RSI

Question 22

Adult and pediatric dose:

Rocuronium

Answer 22

0.6-1.2 mg/kg

Typical is 1 mg/kg.

Question 23

Mechanism of action:

Succinylcholine

Answer 23

Bind with acetylcholine at synaptic cleft and creates fasciculations.

Depolarizing paralytic

Question 24

Indications:

Succinylcholine

Answer 24

RSI

Question 25

Adult and pediatric dose:

Succinylcholine

Answer 25

• Adult & pediatric: 1.5 mg/kg
• Infant: 2 mg/kg

Question 26

Mechanism of action:

Terbutaline

Answer 26

Beta-2 agonist relaxes smooth muscle of the bronchioles.

Question 27

Indication

Terbutaline

Answer 27

• Asthma
• COPD

Question 28

Adult and pediatric dose:

Terbutaline

Answer 28

• Adult: 0.25 mg SC
• Pediatric: N/A < 12 yrs old

Question 29

Mechanism of action:

Vecuronium

Answer 29

Competes with acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft.

Non-depolarizing paralytic

Question 30

Indication:

Vecuronium

Answer 30

RSI

Question 31

Adult and pediatric dose:

Vecuronium

Answer 31

0.1 mg/kg