Airway Anatomy & Management Flashcards
Pharynx Divisions and Borders (3 items)
- Nasopharynx (nose => soft palate)
- Ororpharynx (mouth => uvula)
- Laryngopharynx (includes epiglottis)
Nasopharynx Structures and Innervation
- Septum, Turbinates, Adenoids
2. Trigeminal (CN V)
Oropharynx Structures and Innervation
- Teeth, tongue, hard palate, soft palate
2 a. Trigeminal CN V (hard/soft palate, ant 2/3 tongue)
b. Glossopharyngeal CN IX (soft palate, posterior 1/3
tongue)
Larynx Location
C4-C6
9 Larynx Cartilages (6 items)
3 Paired Cartilages a. Arytenoid b. Corniculate c. Cuneiform 3 Unpaired a. Thyroid b. Cricoid c. Epiglottis
3 Unpaired Larynx Cartilages
- Thyroid: anterior attachment for vocal chords
- Epiglottis: covers opening to larynx
- Cricoid: narrowest part of pediatric airway
3 Paired Larynx Cartilages
- Arytenoid: posterior attachment for vocal chords
- Corniculate: posterior portion of aryepiglottic fold
- Cuneiform: lateral to corniculates on aryepiglottic fold
Glottic Opening
Triangular fissure between vocal chords; narrowest portion of adult airway
Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle
Controls glottic opening, adducts the vocal cords (Let’s Close the Airway)
Arytenoid Muscles
Control glottic opening; has oblique and transverse components; adducts the vocal cords
Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle
Control glottic opening; only vocal cord abductors (Please Come Apart)
Cricothyroid Muscle
Controls vocal cord length; tenses/elongates cords
Thyroarytenoid Muscle
Controls vocal cord length; relaxes/shortens vocal cords
Vocalis Muscle
Controls vocal cord length; relaxes/shortens vocal cords
Innervation of Laryngeal Muscles
- Cricothyroid: Superior Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus CN X)
- All Others: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (Vagus CN X)