Aircraft Systems and Construction (DA40) Flashcards

1
Q

Powerplant

A

Lycoming IO-360-MIA
Air cooled, 4 cylinder, 4 stroke engine, horizontally opposed, direct drive engine with fuel injection and under slung exhaust (naturally aspirated)
361in^3 of displacement

If at sea level at ISA and 2700 RPM
Max HP: 180
Max continuous HP: 160

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2
Q

Describe the ignition process

A

Battery powers the starter
Starter turns the crankshaft
Crankshaft spins the mags (2)
Mags generate electricity
Electricity sparks the plugs (8)
Engine starts

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3
Q

What are the 4 strokes of an engine

A

Intake
Compression
Ignition
Exhaust

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4
Q

No drop/excessive drop on the mag check

A

No drop: mag isn’t grounding (open ground)(if you’re checking the R mag, the L mag didn’t ground)
Excessive drop: wires, *plugs, mag, power flow exhaust

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5
Q

Fuel system

A

Capacity
Long range: 50 gallons (1 unusable so 51 total)
Standard: 40 gallons (1 unusable so 41 total)

Max permissible fuel imbalance
Long range: 8 gallons
Standard: 10 gallons

100 avgas and 100 LL (blue)

Fuel vents allow for the proper flow of fuel (prevent a vacuum)

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6
Q

Electrical system

A

Alternator (70 amps and 28 volts) generates electricity (DC power through a rectifyer)
Stored in the battery (10 amp hours and 24 volts)
Delivered via bus (avionics, main, essential) and wires
Consumers use the power
Fuses/circuit breakers protect the system

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7
Q

Essential bus vs emergency switch

A

Essential: 30 mins approximately, isolates the essential bus consumers
Emergency: 90 mins w/ flood light ON, powers floodlight and back up attitude indicator
Must be inspected every 12 calendar months and replaced after 1 hour of cumulative usage or within one half of the battery life

121.5 (emergency frequency)

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8
Q

Constant speed propeller

A

Operated hydraulically via the prop governor
Pilot lever
Threaded shaft
Speeder spring
Fly weights
Pilot valve
Coarse vs fine pitch
Gear pump

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9
Q

Landing gear

A

Free castoring nose wheel with an elastomer package
Steel sprung struts on the main gear
Hydraulically operated disk breaks, actuated via the toe pedals

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10
Q

Aircraft and airframe material and construction

A

Fuselage: GFRP/CFRP of semi-monocoque construction
Wings: GFRP/CFRP of sandwich construction (twin spar wings with a fuel tank within each wing)
Empennage: ‘T’ tail is GFRP of semi-monocoque construction

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11
Q

Flight controls material and construction

A

Ailerons: Operated through control rods and actuated via the stick, GFRP/CFRP of composite sandwich construction
Flaps: Operated through the switch in the cockpit and actuated electrically, GFRP/CFRP of composite sandwich construction
Elevator: Operated through control rods and actuated via the stick, GFRP of sandwich construction
Rudder: Operated via by the foot pedals and actuated via the control cables, GFRP sandwich

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12
Q

Define ‘monocoque’ and ‘semi-monocoque,’ as well as ‘sandwich’ and ‘composite-sandwich’ construction

A

Monocoque: load is supported by the skin
Semi-monocoque: load is supported by both conventional means as well as the skin
Sandwich: two or more composites bonded together
Composite-sandwich: two thin but stiff skins attached to a lightweight but thick core

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13
Q

DA40 flaps

A

Plain flaps with a small portion of split flaps (attached to the fuselage)

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14
Q

DA40 ailerons

A

Differential ailerons (one aileron is raised a greater distance than the other is lowered (adverse yaw))
Small portion frise ailerons (paddle) (adverse yaw)

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15
Q

Detonation vs pre-ignition

A

Detonation: fuel air mixture explodes instead of burning smoothly, generally caused by using a lower than recommended grade of fuel, using a too lean mixture, too steep of a climb with too lean of a mixture, etc.
Pre-ignition: the fuel air mixture ignites prematurely, generally caused by fouled spark plugs/hotspots

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16
Q

If you’re running ‘rich’ of peak how will you cool the engine vs running ‘lean’ of peak

A

Rich: increase the fuel in the mixture (increase mixt cont)
Lean: increase the air in the mixture (pull back mixt cont)