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CPE REVIEWER > AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE (BASICS) > Flashcards

AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE (BASICS) Flashcards

1
Q

can be considered as an engine-driven fixed wing aircraft heavier-than-air that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its wings.

A

AIRPLANES

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2
Q

developed an efficient cambered airfoil in the early 1800s, as well as successful manned gliders later in that century. He established the principles of flight, including the existence of lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

A

George Cayley

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3
Q

can easily be recognized because of its large overhead rotor called main rotor.

A

ROTORCRAFT

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4
Q

a heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reaction of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axis.

A

HELICOPTER

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5
Q

Due to its unique design of having large rotor installed on top of the fuselage with the small rotor or auxiliary rotor attached to the tail

A

HELICOPTER

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6
Q

A heavier-than-air aircraft with a freewheeling rotor and propulsion is provided by an engine and propeller mounted in either a tractor or pusher type configuration.

A

GYROPLANE

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7
Q

non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift It is a high performance capable of remaining aloft on rising air currents.

A

GLIDERS

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8
Q

lighter-than-air aircraft that is not engine driven, and that sustains flight through the use of either gas buoyancy or an airborne heater.

A

FREE BALLOON

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9
Q

are fiber reinforced matrix system ; Matrix means a glue that holds the fiber together when cured and gives the part its desired shape

A

COMPOSITE

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10
Q

large gas balloon that rises into the air and can be steered using engine-driven propellers.

A

AIRSHIP

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11
Q

come in three broad types: rigid and semi-rigid designs use metal frames to keep the balloon’s shape, while non-rigid balloons are inflated by gas alone.

A

AIRSHIP

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12
Q

Britain, Germany, and the U.S. developed large, which were popular in the 1920s and 1930s. While the US had access to helium, other airships used highly-flammable hydrogen and many exploded in-flight, bringing passenger airship travel to an end.

A

PASSENGER AIRSHIPS

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13
Q

Germany used its famous Zeppelin airships for bombing during WWI, inspiring the British Royal Navy to create their own B-Class airships for detecting German submarines. Since then, airships have mainly been used as aerial surveillance for military forces.

A

MILITARY AIRSHIPS

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14
Q

Commercial blimps have been used for advertising since 1925, as they can hover over one space and be seen from afar. This means they’re particularly effective for advertising at outdoor events.

A

ADVERTISING BLIMPS

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15
Q

are considered generally as the principal source of lift and no other parts of an airplane basically, that contributes to the lift

A

WINGS

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16
Q

store fuel for flight and house the fuel system components

A

WINGS

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17
Q

gives support for the engines and flight controls and other systems.

A

WINGS

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18
Q

the body of an aircraft to which the wings and tail unit are attached.

A

FUSELAGE

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19
Q

accomplished with interior space for passenger comfort and minimum frontal area and contour drag for maximum performance.

A

FUSELAGE

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20
Q

known as tail or tail section of most aircrafts gives stability to the aircraft, in a similar way to the feathers on an arrow.

A

EMPENNAGE

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21
Q

to serve as direction controller of the airplane whether left, right, up, down, or rolling movement.

A

EMPENNAGE

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22
Q

either fixed in construction or retractable in which the wheel was drawn up inside the fuselage during airborne.

A

LANDING GEARS

23
Q

serves as cushion to protect the airplane during taxiing and landing, absorbs landing load and supports the airplane on the ground.

A

LANDING GEARS

24
Q

usually includes both the engine and the propeller.

A

POWERPLANT

25
Q

covered by a cowling, or a nacelle, which are both types of covered housing.

A

POWERPLANT

26
Q

streamline the flow of air around the engine and to help cool the engine by ducting air around the cylinders.

A

cowling or nacelle

27
Q

they built their successful, powered airplane in 1903. The first of its kind to carry a man aloft, the Wright Flyer had thin, cloth-covered wings attached to what was primarily truss structures made of wood.

A

Wright Brothers

28
Q

a retired railroad and bridge engineer, was active in aviation during the 1890s. His interest was so great that, among other things, he published a definitive work called “Progress in Flying Machines.”

A

Octave Chanute

29
Q

He manufactured and flew his own gliders on over 2,000 flights. His willow and cloth aircraft had wings designed from extensive study of the wings of birds. Lilienthal also made standard use of vertical and horizontal fins behind the wings and pilot station.

A

Otto Lilienthal

30
Q

studied the center of gravity of flying machines, as well as the effects of wing dihedral. Furthermore, he pioneered directional control of aircraft by including the earliest form of a rudder on his gliders.

A

George Cayley

31
Q

developed an efficient cambered airfoil in the early 1800s, as well as successful manned gliders later in that century. He established the principles of flight, including the existence of lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

A

George Cayley

32
Q

the main structure or body of the fixed-wing aircraft. t. It provides space for cargo, controls, accessories, passengers, and other equipment. In single-engine aircraft, houses the powerplant. In multiengine aircraft, the engines may be either in
the fuselage, attache or suspended from the wing structure.

A

FUSELAGE

33
Q

a rigid framework made up of
members, such as beams, struts, and bars to resist
deformation by applied loads.

A

TRUSS TYPE

34
Q

frame is usually constructed of
steel tubing welded together in such a manner
that all members of the truss can carry both
tension and compression loads.

A

TRUSS TYPE

35
Q

relies largely on the strength of the skin or covering
to carry the primary loads. The true construction uses formers, frame assemblies, and bulkheads to give shape to the fuselage.

A

MONOCOQUE TYPE

36
Q

The heaviest of these structural
members are located at intervals to carry
concentrated loads and at points where fittings
are used to attach other units such as wings,
powerplants, and stabilizers. Since no other
bracing members are present, the skin must
carry the primary stresses and keep the
fuselage rigid.

A

MONOCOQUE TYPE

37
Q

the biggest problem
involved in construction is
maintaining enough strength while keeping the
weight within allowable limits.

A

MONOCOQUE TYPE

38
Q

consists of frame
assemblies, bulkheads, and formers as used
in the monocoque design but, additionally,
the skin is reinforced by longitudinal
members called longerons. They are
typically made of aluminum alloy either of a
single piece or a built-up construction.

A

SEMI-MONOQUE TYPE

39
Q

They come in a variety of shapes and are
usually made from single piece aluminum
alloy extrusions or formed aluminum.

A

SEMI-MONOQUE TYPE

40
Q

usually extend across several frame members and help the skin support primary
bending loads. They are typically made of aluminum alloy either of a single piece or a built-
up construction

A

LONGERONS

41
Q

These longitudinal members are typically more numerous and lighter in weight
than the longerons. They come in a variety of shapes and are usually made from single
piece aluminum alloy extrusions or formed aluminum

A

STRINGERS

42
Q

together prevent tension and compression from bending the

fuselage.

A

LONGERONS AND STRINGERS

43
Q

another type of bracing that can also be used between the longerons and
stringers.

A

WEB MEMBERS

44
Q

a material’s internal resistance, or counterforce, that opposes
deformation. The degree of deformation of a material is strain.

A

STRESS

45
Q

Tension is a primary stress that tries to pull a body apart.

A

TENSION

46
Q

strength of a material is measured in

A

POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH

47
Q

primary stress, tries to squeeze a part

together.

A

COMPRESSION

48
Q

a twisting force. When a structural member is twisted or placed under torsion, a
tensile stress acts diagonally across the member and a compressive stress acts at right
angles to the tension.

A

TORSION

49
Q

a material is its

resistance to twisting or torque.

A

TORSION STRENGTH

50
Q

loads are created when opposing forces are

applied on opposite sides of a body.

A

SHEAR

51
Q

a material is either equal to or less than its tensile or compressive
strength.

A

SHEAR STRENGTH

52
Q

tries to pull one side of a body apart while at the same time squeezing the
other side together.

A

BENDING

53
Q

Bending stress is a combination of what

kinds of stress.

A

TENSILE STRESS AND COMPRESSION STRESS

CPE REVIEWER (8 decks)

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