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ATPL Operational Procedures > Aircraft Instruments & Equipment > Flashcards

Aircraft Instruments & Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

The MMEL:

A

Established by the manufacturer

Approved by the authority in the state of design

Specifies which items are permitted unserviceable at the start of flight

Basis for MEL

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2
Q

The MEL:

A

Established by the operator

No less restrictive than MMEL

Approved by the authority

Permits operation with listed items unserviceable at commencement of flight

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3
Q

Commencement of flight:

A

When the aircraft first moves under its own power for the purpose of of preparing for take-off

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4
Q

Inoperative means?

A

Not consistently:

Accomplishing intended purpose

Functioning with design limits or tolerances

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5
Q

Rectification intervals - excluding the day of logging the defect:

A

Category A - Time specified in remarks column

Category B - 3 calendars days

Category C - 10 calendars days

Category D - 120 calendars days

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6
Q

Failures between commencement of flight and start of take-off

A

Command judgement and airmanship following review of MEL

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7
Q

No despatch with unserviceabilities unless:

A

Listen in MEL and listed conditions met to

Authority approves operation with the constraints of the MMEL

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8
Q

Flight crew must:

A

Check all defects against MEL prior to despatch

Ensure listed conditions are met

Refer to MEL to inform decision if defect occurs after despatch

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9
Q

Commander is sole authority whether defect acceptable for flight:

A

MEL cannot account for all combinations of multiple defects

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10
Q

Day operations aircraft must have:

A

Anti Collision lights

Instrument illumination

Passenger compartment illumination

Torch for each crew member

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11
Q

Night operations aircraft must additionally have :

A

Navigation lights

2 landing lights

Sea planes must have lights meeting maritime collision prevention regulations

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12
Q

Navigation lights:

A

Red - left wing - visible 0º - 110º left of nose.

Green - right wing - visible 0º - 110º right of nose.

White - tail - visible 70º left to 70º right of tail

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13
Q

All equipment / instruments required under regulations must be approved except:

A

Spare fuses.

Torches.

Clock.

Chart holder.

First aid kit.

Emergency medical kit.

Survival and signalling equipment.

Child restraint devices.

Sea anchors and mooring equipment (seaplanes).”

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14
Q

Spare fuses required:

A

10% (min 3) of each rating in use.

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15
Q

MCTOM > 5700 kg

A

Windshield wipers or equivalent required at each pilot station.

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16
Q

Day VFR Instruments required - indication of :

A

Magnetic heading.

Time hrs min sec.

Pressure altitude.

Air speed.

Vertical speed.

Turn and slip.

Attitude.

Heading.

OAT.

Mach number (if relevant).

Indication of power supply failure to any of above.

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17
Q

Day VFR 2-pilot aircraft - 2nd pilot separate indication of:

A

Pressure altitude

Air speed

Vertical speed

Turn and slip

Attitude

Heading

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18
Q

Day VFR pitot / static icon protection required if:

A

MCTOM > 5700 kg or MOPSC >9

Individual C of A after 1 Apr 1999

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19
Q

Night to IFR additional requirements:

A

2nd pressure altitude.

If standby attitude indication fitted, slip but not turn required.

Stabilised heading.

Prop <5700 kg - alternate static pressure source.

Other aircraft - 2nd static pressure system.

2-pilot aircraft: 2nd pilot - above apply (turn/slip, stabilised heading).

Pitot/static ice protection failure annunciation if:

Individual C of A issued after 1 Apr 1998; or

MCTOM >5700 kg and MOPSC >9. (N.B. subtle date/logic difference).

Standby attitude if MCTOM >5700 kg or MOPSC >9.

Illuminated chart holder in easily readable position.

Single pilot operations - autopilot with altitude and heading modes

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20
Q

Standby attitude indication, if required:

A

Powered continuously in normal operation.

Following total electrical failure:

Emergency power supply.

Min 30 minutes operation.

Operative automatically.

Operation independent of other attitude indicators.

Illuminated when operating.

Indication when powered by emergency power supply

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21
Q

Altitude alerting system required for:

A

Turboprop with MCTOM > 5700 kg or MOPSC > 9

Turbojet

Must alert crew when approaching preselected altitude

Must have aural alert of deviation from pre selected altitude

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22
Q

TAWS required if:

A

MCTOM > 5700 kg

MOPSC > 9

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23
Q

Piston-powered aircraft requiring TAWS may have?

Turbine-powered aircraft requiring TAWS must have?

A

Piston-powered aircraft requiring TAWS may have Class B or A system

Turbine-powered aircraft requiring TAWS must have Class A system

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24
Q

ACAS II required if:

A

Turbine powered

MCTOM > 5700 kg

MOPSC > 19

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25
Q

Weather radar required if:

A

Operating at night or IMC

Where hazardous, radar identifiable weather may exist

Pressurised aircraft

MCTOM > 5700kg

MOPSC > 9

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26
Q

Headset with microphone:

A

Required for each pilot

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27
Q

Night or IFR:

A

Transmit button on pitch and roll control required

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28
Q

A radio capable of transmitting and receiving on?

A

121.5 MHz

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29
Q

For each flight crew member required for IFR?

A

Audio selector panel

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30
Q

Flight crew interphone system via headset required except in?

A

Single-pilot operations

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31
Q

Crew member inter phone:

A

Required for:

MCTOM >15 000 kg or

MOPSC > 19.

Independent of passenger address except handsets switches etc.

Where cabin crew required:

Means to distinguish normal and emergency calls.

Readily usable at each flight crew station”

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32
Q

Crew member inter phone must provide for communication between flight deck and:

A

Each passenger compartment where crew are required.

Each galley not on a passenger deck.

Each crew compartment remote from the passenger deck.

Ground personnel and at least 2 flight crew stations

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33
Q

Ground crew must be able to connect to?

A

Interphone without being seen from inside the aircraft

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34
Q

PA system required:

A

If MOPSC >19.

To operate independently from interphone system except
handset, switches etc.

Readily accessible from each flight crew station.

Readily accessible microphone at each group of cabin crew seats.

Operable within 10 seconds at each cabin crew station.

Audible at all passenger seats, lavatories, galleys, cabin crew seats, work
stations and remote areas.

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35
Q

VFR flight s navigating by visual landmarks must have radio allowing:

A

Communication with ground stations

Communication with ATS units in controlled airspace
Receive weather information

Receive weather information

36
Q

IFR flights and VFR flights not navigating visually must have:

A

2 radios capable of communicating with ground stations.

1 altitude-reporting SSR transponder and airspace requirements
for route.

Navigation equipment capable of navigating safely after failure of 1 item.

Navigation equipment meeting RNP of airspace.

If landing in IMC, equipment capable of guiding to a point for visual landing.”

37
Q

RVSM operation requires:

A

2 independent altimeters

Attitude alerting system

Automatic altitude control system

SSR transponder with altitude reporting connected to altimeter in use

38
Q

Operator must report altitude keeping errors:

A

> +/- 300 ft total vertical error.

> +/- 245 ft altimetry system error.

> +/- 300 ft assigned altitude deviation

39
Q

Airspace requirement for SSR carriage and capabilities must be:

A

Met in order to enter the airspace

40
Q

Requirements for navigation databases:

A

Must support navigation application with the integrity required for the intended use of the data.

Processing and delivery adequate standard of integrity.

Operator continuously monitors integrity of processes and products.

Operator ensures timely distribution and insertion of current unaltered data to all aeroplanes that require it.

41
Q

CVR compulsory on:

A

Multi-engine turbine-powered aeroplane MOPSC > 9

All aeroplanes MCTOM > 5700 kg

42
Q

CVRs must record with time reference

A

Flight deck radio transmit and receive

Flight crew voice on interphone and PA

Flight deck environment noise

Navigation aid identifications heard through speakers or headsets

43
Q

CVR is located where?

A

Where most likely to survive crash

44
Q

CVR construction

A

Impact resistant case with ELT or underwater locating device min transmit time 90 days

45
Q

CVR operation

A

Automatically before aircraft moves

Manually or automatically as early as possible in cockpit preparation

46
Q

CVR loop recording time:

A

25 hours if MCTOM > 27000 kg and individual C of A after 1 Jan 2021

2hrs all other aeroplanes

47
Q

FDR compulsory on:

A

Aircraft with MCTOM > 5700 kg

Multi-engine turbine-powered aircraft with MOPSC > 9

48
Q

FDR construction, location, operation:

A

Heat-resistant bright yellow/orange impact-resistant case either deployable with ELT, or fitted with underwater locator min transmit time 90 days.

Mounted in aircraft tail.

Operate automatically from before engines running until after parked.

Digital, easily retrievable data recording.

After Jan 2016 data recorded 25 hrs of:

Flight path.

Speed.

Attitude.

Engine power.

Configuration.

Operation of lift/drag devices

49
Q

First aid kits:

A

1 kit per 100 passengers rounded up

Accessible to cabin crew

50
Q

Emergency medical kit required for:

A

MOPSC > 30

> 60 minutes from aerodrome with medical assistance available

51
Q

Emergency medical must be:

A

Dust & Moisture proof

Accessible to crew

Inaccessible to passenger

Inspected and replenished regularly

52
Q

Commander must ensure drugs administrated by?

A

Qualified persons only

53
Q

First aid oxygen required if:

A

Cabin crew required, and

Pressurised aeroplane, and

Pressure altitude > 25 000 ft.

54
Q

First-aid oxygen quantity requirements:

A

Sufficient for:

2% of passengers - minimum 1.

3 L STPD/min to each person.

For remainder of flight at 8000 ft - 15 000 ft.

Equipment capable of 4 L STPD/min to each person.

Sufficient portable dispensing units > 2 with means for cabin crew use

55
Q

Supplemental oxygen requirements

A

For operation above 10 000 ft.

Sufficient for:

All passengers and crew.

Pressurisation failure at most critical point.

Cabin altitude and flight duration presuming:

Emergency descent.

Lowest safe operating altitude allowing for: terrain clearance, navigational
accuracy, range and weather.

Descent to 10 000 ft when possible ends requirement for oxygen

56
Q

The cabin altitude is assumed to be the aircraft’s altitude?

A

Unless otherwise demonstrated

57
Q

Flight crew oxygen requirements

A

Within reach of each station

Sufficient for a;; flight crew and if certified up to 25,000 ft

For descent from max certified operating altitude to 10,000 ft in 10 min.

20 min at 10,000 ft

If certified > 25,000 ft

Quick-don masks

Descent from max certified operating altitude to 10,000 ft in 10 min

110 min at 10,000 ft.

58
Q

Cabin crew oxygen requirements:

A

Must use O2:

> 13,000 ft

> 10,000 ft for > 30 mins

Same quantity calculation as for flight crew

59
Q

Cabin crew oxygen > 25,000 ft:

A

Spare masks, outlets or portable supplies for all crew

Distributed throughout cabin

60
Q

Passenger oxygen requirements:

A

> 25,000 ft

Available at every seat

10% extra distributed throughout cabin

Automatic deployment if:

Certified after 9 Nov 98 and

> 25,000 ft

Unable to descend to 13,000 ft within 4 mins

Quantity for descent from max certified altitude to 15,000 ft in 10 min

61
Q

Crew PBE fir 15 minutes required if:

A

MCTOM > 5700 kg

MOPSC > 19

62
Q

PBE requirements:

A

1 supplying oxygen at each flight crew station

1 portable PBE by flight crew station for > 1 flight crew and no cabin crew

1 portable PBE adjacent to each required fire extinguisher

63
Q

Fire extinguishers required on flight deck:

A

1 suitable for flammable fluid and electrical fires

Not dry chemical

64
Q

Fire extinguishers for cabin or passenger use

A

Suitable for likely fires and minimising toxic gas hazard

1 in each galley
1 in each cargo compartment

65
Q

Passenger numbers / extinguishers numbers:

A

7-30 : 1

31-60 : 2

> 60 : 1 per 100 rounded up, plus 1, up to max 8.

66
Q

Crash axe and crowbars must be stowed so?

A

They are not visible to passengers

67
Q

Break in points

A

Are marked in red or yellow

Have corner markings 9cm x 3cm

Where corners are more than 2m apart, dashes are added with no more than 2 m between markings

68
Q

Emergency exits must have devices attached enabling safe descent to the ground if:

A

The still of the exact is more than 1.83 m above the ground with the landing gear extended

Would be more than 1.83m above the ground with one or more landing gear legs collapsed right retracted

Over wing exit routes terminate more than 1.83 m above the ground with the landing gear extended and flaps in the higher of the take-off or landing position

This rules applies to desperate flight crew emergency exits

69
Q

Battery-powered accessible megaphones required:

A

MOPSC < 60 - None

MOPSC 61-99 - 1

MOPSC > 99 - 2

MOPSC > 60 - Min 1 per passenger deck

70
Q

Emergency Lighting Requirements

A

MOPSC < 9 - General cabin ,tithing

MOPSC > 9 - Lighting system with independent power supply

MOPSC > 19 - This must include:

General cabin lighting

Floor level lighting in emergency exit areas

Illuminated emergency exit signs

Floor escape path marking system

Exterior lighting at all exits if operating at night

71
Q

ELT requirement:

A

C of A before 1 Jul 08:

C of A before 1 Jul 08:

MOPSC < 19 - 1 ELT

MOPSC > 19 - 1 automatic or 2

C of A after 1 Jul 08

MOPSC < 19 - 1 automatic

MOPSC > 19 2 - at least 1 automatic

72
Q

ELTs must transmit on:

A

121.5 MHz and 406 MHz simultaneously

73
Q

ELT types:

A

ELT Automatic Fixed Aids location of crash site

ELT Automatic portable attached but removable, aids location of crash site or survivors

ELT Automatic deployable attached auto ejected can be manually deployed, floats, aids location of crash-site

ELT Survival. Removable, manual or automatic activation, tethered to life-raft or survivor, aids location of survivors

74
Q

Life jacket / infant flotation device required for ea h person on board on:

A

Seaplanes operated over water

When take-off or approach path is over sufficient water for ditching likelihood

Operated > 50 nm from land

75
Q

Life jacket / infant flotation device must have a?

A

Light to aid location

76
Q

Life rafts required for flight over water ‘long distances’ from land, this meaning:

A

Aeroplane capable of continuing OEI to an aerodrome less of:

120 min at cruising speed and 400 no

Other aeroplanes lesser of:

30 min at cruising speed and 100 no

77
Q

Life raft requirements:

A

Sufficient for everyone on board

Locator light

Life saving equipment providing means for sustaining life appropriate for the flight

2 or more ELTs

78
Q

Underwater location of aircraft:

A

Required for aircraft MCTOM > 27,000 kg and MOPSC > 19

Unless either:

Operated on routes no more than 180 no from shore or
Automatic means to determine the point of the end of the flight

79
Q

Suirvuval equipment required for operation over remote areas

A

Equipment to make distress signals

1 or more ELTs

Plus additional survival equipment suitable for the route and number on board

80
Q

Additional survival equipment not required if aircraft remains close to areas where rescue is not especially difficult - equating to:

A

120 min at OEI cruise speed for aeroplanes capable of continuing OEI

30 min at cruising speed for other aeroplanes

CS 25: 90 min cruise speed from area suitable for emergency landing

81
Q

Passenger seat and restraint requirements

A

A seat or berth for every person aged 24 months or more

Seat belt restraining belt for each seat or berth

Seat belt with upper torso restraint on aircraft:

MCTOM > 5700 kg
MOPSC < 9

Child restraint device for each person on board younger than 24 months

82
Q

Cabin crew seat and restraint requirements

A

Seat facing foward or rearward for each required crew member

Safety belt with 2 shoulder straps and a lap belt that maybe used independently

Additional cabin crew members may occupy passenger sears

83
Q

Seat belt / no smoking signs are required unless?

A

unless all passenger seats are visible from the flight crew seats

84
Q

Flight crew seat and restraint requirements:

A

Seat belt with 2 shop under straps with inertia reel, single-point release and lap belt that can be used independently
Applies to :

Flight crew seats

Any seat alongside a pilot seat

Any observer seat located in the flight crew compartment

85
Q

Flight deck door:

A

Required for MOPSC > 19

Placard stating ‘crew only’

Lockable

86
Q

Internal door requirements

A

Readily accessible means of opening any door separating a passenger compartment from a compartment containing an emergency exit

Means of securing open any door or curtain on the path between any seat and any emergency exits

Placard on such doors, or next to curtains, indicating that they must be secured during take-off and landing

Means for crew to unlock and passenger lockable door

ATPL Operational Procedures (6 decks)

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