AIR LAW ONE (VFR) Flashcards
**Class (controlled) C & D airspace met minima (CAR 91.301 & ENR 1.2-2)
Cloud separation
- 2km horizontally, 1000ft vertically
(500ft within a Control zone) .
Visibility
- 8km at or above 10,000ft AMSL.
- 5km below 10,000ft AMSL.
**Class G (uncontrolled) airspace met minima (CAR 91.301 & ENR 1.2-2)
Cloud separation
- Above 3000ft AMSL or 1000ft AGL (whichever is higher) 2km horizontally, 1000ft vertically.
- At or below 3000ft AMSL or 1000ft AGL (whichever is higher) Clear of cloud, in sight of surface.
Visibility
- 8km at or above 10,000ft AMSL (5km within 1000ft AGL).
- 5km below 10,000ft AMSL.
**Class C & D (controlled) aerodrome met minima (CAR 91.301& ENR 1.2-3)
Day and night:
- Ceiling 1500ft
- Visibility 5km
**Class G (uncontrolled) aerodrome met minima (CAR 91.301 & ENR 1.2-3)
Day:
- Ceiling 600ft
- Visibility 1500m
Night:
- Ceiling 1500ft
- Visibility 8km
**5 SVFR requirements (CAR 91.303 & ENR 1.2-3)
- IAW ATC clearances/instructions.
- By day only.
- Clear of clouds.
- Have the required met minima (ceiling 600ft, vis 1.5km) (Helos different)
- Aircraft must be equipped with 2-way radio and on the correct frequency.
**SVFR met minima (CAR 91.303 & ENR 1.2-4)
Day:
- Ceiling 600ft
- Visibility 1.5km
(Ctrlld A/D class B/C/D only)
Sep responsibilities;
SVFR due cloud vs due vis
Due cloud;
Pilot is responsible for separation.
Due vis;
ATC is responsible for separation.
**Parachute Landing Areas (PLA) (ENR 5.3-1)
Treated similar as a danger zone, in that you may enter with caution of the presence of parachutists (particularly into wind).
**Low Flying Zone (LFZ) (ENR 5.3-4)
A designated low flying area, surface to 500ft AGL, day only. Pilots must receive a briefing by user agency prior to use. Report intentions upon entry and exit.
**Danger Areas (ENR 5.1-4)
Pilot may enter a danger area with due regard for the danger present. (Clearance not rqd)
**Volcanic Hazard Zone (VHZ) (ENR 5.3-8)
By day VMC only, monitor NOTAMs for VHZ alert levels.
**Restricted Area (ENR 5.1-2)
Pilots may only enter a restricted Area with prior approval from the administering authority.
**Military Operating Area (ENR 5.2-1)
Treated similar to a restricted area, civilian aircraft may only enter with prior approval from the NZDF.
**Mandatory Broadcast Zone (MBZ) (ENR 5.3-11)
An area of airspace where position reports are mandatory upon entering the airspace, joining the circuit, prior to entering a runway, at prescribed intervals and courtesy upon vacating the area.
**Common Frequency Zones (CFZ) (ENR 5.3-14)
Not mandatory. Pilots should transmit a position report upon entry.
**Right of way rules (CAR 91.229)
In flight:
- When approaching head on, alter course to the right (so they pass on your left)
- When converging, give way to the aircraft on the right.
- When overtaking, alter course to the right (so they pass on the left).
- Always balloons/gliders/ parachutists
On ground:
- When approaching head on, stop or alter course to the right (so they pas on your left)
- When converging, give way to the aircraft on the right.
- When overtaking, keep well clear.
- Aircraft in distress have right of way.
LDG A/C have right of way over A/C taking off
ATC light signals on ground (CAR 91.243 & AD 1.10-1)
On ground: steady green, steady red, flashing green, flashing red, flashing white, flashing alt redgreen
On ground:
Steady green = cleared for takeoff
Steady red = stop
Flashing green = cleared to taxi
Flashing red = taxi clear of landing area
Flashing white = return to starting point/apron
Flashing red/green = danger be on alert
ATC light signals in air (CAR 91.243 & AD 1.10-1)
Steady green, steady red, flashing green, flashing red, flashing white, flashing redgreen
In flight:
Steady green = cleared to land
Steady red = giveaway, continue circling
Flashing green = return for landing
Flashing red = aerodrome unsafe, do not land
Flashing white = land and proceed to apron
Flashing red/green = danger be on alert
**VFR cruising altitudes (CAR 91.313 & ENR 1.7-7)
VFR aircraft cruising above 3000ft AMSL or 1000ft AGL (whichever is higher) NOSE + 500ft.
North = 270° to 089°
South = 090° to 269°
Position reports at unattended aerodromes (ENR 1.1-11)
- Downwind in the circuit when abeam upwind end of runway.
- When taxiing to takeoff position.
- Immediately prior to takeoff.
- In transit below 3000ft/within 10 NM of aerodrome.
Position reports required VFR (uncontrolled/controlled) (ENR 1.1-11)
- When requesting clearance to enter class C & D airspace.
- As requested by ATC in class C & D airspace.
- On entry, exit and at specified intervals in an MBZ.
- Prior to entry into a restricted area or MOA where ATC is the administering authority.
**Readback requirements (ENR 1.1-14) (9)
- ATC route, approach and departure clearances, with any amendment thereof.
- Clearances to VFR flights operating in controlled airspace, incl entering /vacating the cct
- Clearances/instructions to operate on the maneuvering area at a ctrlled aerodrome (LDG/TO /enter, cross, backtrack/ hold, remain clear, Taxi instructions)
- runway-in-use.
- SSR codes.
- Level instructions.
- Heading/speed instructions.
- Altimeter settings.
- Frequency, after frq change instructions.
**Definition of Distress and Mayday contents (ENR 1.15-1)
A condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and requiring immediate assistance.
“MAYDAY x3”
- Name of station being addressed
- ID of aircraft
- Nature of Distress
- Intentions
- Position, heading and altitude.
**Definition of urgency and Pan contents (ENR 1.15-1)
A condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or some person on board or within sight, but doesn’t require immediate assistance.
“PAN x3”
- Name of station being addressed
- ID of aircraft
- Nature of distress
- Intentions
- Position, heading and alitude
- Other useful information
