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ATP Elevate Notes > Aiports > Flashcards

Aiports Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of airports based on control?

A

Towered (blue) and non-towered/uncontrolled (magenta)

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2
Q

How are runways numbered?

A

Numbered 1-36 by heading

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3
Q

What designation is used for parallel runways?

A

L or R after the runway number

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4
Q

What is the purpose of taxiways?

A

Allow for ground travel to and from runways, designated by letter

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5
Q

What services do FBOs and terminals provide at airports?

A
  • Maintenance
  • Boarding
  • Flight Service Station (FSS)
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6
Q

What are ramps, aprons, and tarmacs used for?

A

Non-movement areas used to refuel and park, no clearance needed

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7
Q

What must be done to aircrafts left on ramps?

A

Tied down and chocked

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8
Q

What does a red airfield marking indicate?

A

Mandatory instruction/runway entrance

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9
Q

What does a yellow airfield marking indicate?

A

Direction

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10
Q

What does a black airfield marking indicate?

A

Current location

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11
Q

What does X indicate in aviation communication?

A

Closed runway

‘X’ is used to denote that a runway is closed.

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12
Q

What does ‘Hold short’ require?

A

Clearance to cross

‘Hold short’ means that the aircraft must wait for permission before crossing a designated point.

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13
Q

How are runway incursions classified?

A

D-A by severity

Runway incursions are categorized based on their severity, with D being the least severe and A being the most severe.

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14
Q

What rules still apply on the ground?

A

Right of way rules

Ground operations still adhere to established right of way rules.

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15
Q

What color are the edge lights of a runway at night?

A

White

The color of the edge lights helps pilots identify the runway during nighttime operations.

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16
Q

What color is the threshold light of a runway at night?

A

Green

The green light indicates the beginning of the runway.

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17
Q

What color is the end light of a runway at night?

A

Red

Red lights indicate the end of the runway.

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18
Q

What color are taxiway lights at night?

A

Blue

Taxiway lights are colored blue to distinguish them from runway lights.

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19
Q

What are the beacon colors for land?

A

White and green

Beacons help in identifying landing zones and vary by type.

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20
Q

What are the beacon colors for water?

A

White and yellow

These colors aid in navigation over water bodies.

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21
Q

What are the beacon colors for a heliport?

A

Green, yellow, and white

Heliport beacons indicate where helicopters can land.

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22
Q

What are the beacon colors for military locations?

A

White, white, and green

Military beacons help in identifying military airfields.

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23
Q

What does the chart supplement provide?

A

All needed info for landing at any airport

The chart supplement is a critical resource for pilots.

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24
Q

What are the three components of radio communications?

A

Procedures, phraseology, technology

These components ensure effective communication in aviation.

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25
Q

What is the first step in effective communication?

A

Listen

Listening is essential for understanding and responding accurately.

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26
Q

What is the second step in effective communication?

A

Think

Thinking helps in formulating a clear response.

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27
Q

What is the third step in effective communication?

A

Communicate

Clear communication is key to successful interactions.

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28
Q

What is the fourth step in effective communication?

A

Listen (again)

Continuous listening helps to ensure messages are received correctly.

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29
Q

What is the fifth step in effective communication?

A

Respond

Responding appropriately concludes the communication loop.

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30
Q

What additional information should be included for towered airports?

A

ATIS Clearance

ATIS provides essential information for pilots before they communicate with the tower.

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31
Q

What is the phonetic alphabet for the letter A?

A

Alpha

The phonetic alphabet is used to ensure clarity in communication, especially in aviation.

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32
Q

What is the range for radio navigation aids?

A

108.0 - 117.95

This range is used for VOR navigation in aviation.

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33
Q

What is the frequency range for voice communications?

A

118.0 - 136.95

This range is used for air traffic control communications.

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34
Q

What communication method do uncontrolled towers use?

A

CTAF

CTAF stands for Common Traffic Advisory Frequency.

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35
Q

What communication methods are used at controlled airports?

A

Approach, CTAF, Tower, Ground, Clearance Delivery, Departure

These methods facilitate various phases of flight and airport operations.

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36
Q

What should a pilot look for if communications fail?

A

Light guns

Light guns are visual signals used in aviation to communicate with aircraft when radio communication is not possible.

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37
Q

What does a steady green light indicate for ground operations?

A

Clear for takeoff

A steady green light means it is safe to take off or land depending on the context.

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38
Q

What does a flashing green light indicate for airborne operations?

A

Return for landing

This signal instructs the pilot to return to land at the airport.

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39
Q

What does a steady red light indicate for ground operations?

A

STOP

A steady red light signals that the aircraft must stop immediately.

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40
Q

What does a flashing red light indicate for airborne operations?

A

Unsafe, don’t land

This signal warns pilots that landing is not safe.

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41
Q

What does a flashing white light indicate?

A

Return to starting point at airport

This signal directs pilots to return to their origin at the airport.

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42
Q

What does a green/red light combination signify?

A

Extreme caution

This signal warns pilots to be extremely cautious.

43
Q

What frequency is designated for emergency communications?

A

121.5

This frequency is monitored by air traffic control and other aircraft for emergency situations.

44
Q

What does squawk 7700 indicate?

A

Emergencies

This transponder code alerts ATC to an emergency situation.

45
Q

What does squawk 7600 indicate?

A

Comms failure

This code is used when an aircraft experiences communication failure.

46
Q

What does squawk 7500 indicate?

A

Hijack

This code is used to signal that an aircraft has been hijacked.

47
Q

What is the standard traffic pattern for aircraft?

A

Left traffic is standard, right traffic will be on sectional

48
Q

What is the standard pattern altitude for aircraft?

A

1,000 ft AGL

49
Q

When should the before landing checklist be completed?

A

On downwind

50
Q

Who has the right of way in traffic when two planes are on final?

A

The plane on final or at lower altitude

51
Q

What defines Class G airspace?

A

Only uncontrolled airspace, anywhere that has not been designated as another class

52
Q

What is the vertical range of Class G airspace?

A

Normally goes from surface to 700 or 1200 ft AGL

53
Q

What is the altitude limit for Class G airspace outside magenta circles?

A

1200 ft

54
Q

What is the altitude limit for Class G airspace inside magenta circles?

A

700 ft

55
Q

What defines Class E airspace?

A

Controlled, no entry requirements; begins where Class G ends

56
Q

What does a dotted magenta line indicate in terms of Class E airspace?

A

E begins at the surface

57
Q

What is required to operate in Class D airspace?

A

Need 2 way radio to talk to tower

58
Q

How is Class D airspace depicted on charts?

A

Depicted by dotted blue

59
Q

How are ceilings measured in Class D airspace?

A

Measured MSL

60
Q

What happens to Class D airspace when the tower closes?

A

Becomes Class E

61
Q

How is Class C airspace depicted on charts?

A

Depicted by 2 solid magenta circles at 5 and 10 miles

62
Q

What are the requirements to operate in Class C airspace?

A

Need 2 way radio and mode C transponder

63
Q

What are the busiest airports classified as?

A

Class B

64
Q

What is the altitude range for Class A airspace?

A

Extends from 18,000 Ft to 60,000 Ft

65
Q

What type of flying is allowed in Class A airspace?

A

IFR flying only

66
Q

What is the speed limit below 10,000 feet?

A

250 kts

67
Q

What is the speed limit underneath Class B airspace?

A

200 Kts

68
Q

What speed limit applies within 4 miles of Class C or D airports or E traffic patterns?

A

200 Kts

69
Q

What is required for entry into Class B airspace?

A

Need to be specifically cleared into the Bravo

70
Q

What transponder is needed for Class B airspace?

A

Mode C transponder

71
Q

How is Class B airspace depicted on charts?

A

By solid blue lines

72
Q

What are the three tiered shells associated with?

A

Class B airspace

73
Q

What does the MCPRAWN acronym represent?

A

Special use airspace categories

MCPRAWN stands for Military Operations Areas, Controlled Firing Areas, Prohibited Areas, Restricted Areas, Alert Areas, Warning Areas, and National Security Areas.

74
Q

What is the purpose of Military Operations Areas (MOAs)?

A

Separates military training from IFR flight

75
Q

True or False: Permission is required for VFR flights in Military Operations Areas.

A

False

76
Q

What is a Controlled Firing Area used for?

A

Artillery practice

77
Q

How are Controlled Firing Areas monitored?

A

By spotters on the ground

78
Q

What should you do in a Prohibited Area?

A

Stay out, need special permission and you won’t get it

79
Q

How is a Prohibited Area depicted on charts?

A

By a blue fence

80
Q

What is the primary purpose of Restricted Areas?

A

Separates civilians from invisible dangers

81
Q

What can you do when a Restricted Area is inactive?

A

Penetrate the area

82
Q

What does an Alert Area signify?

A

No clearance required, unusual activity

83
Q

How is an Alert Area depicted on charts?

A

By a magenta fence

84
Q

What does a Warning Area indicate?

A

Possible hazardous conditions

85
Q

Is permission needed to enter a Warning Area?

A

No, but stay out

86
Q

What is true of a National Security Area?

A

Suggested to stay clear, not required, may be under TFR

87
Q

Who are the controlling authorities of airspace?

A

Anyone other than ATC in charge of airspace

88
Q

What are VFR weather minimums from 10,000-18,000 ft?

A

5 miles visibility, 1000ft above, 1000 ft below, 1 mile horizontally

89
Q

What are VFR weather minimums for controlled airspace under 10,000ft?

A

3 miles visibility, 1000 ft above, 500 ft below, 2 miles horizontally

90
Q

What are VFR weather minimums in uncontrolled airspace between 1200 and 10,000ft?

A

1 mile visibility, 1000ft above, 500ft below, 2000ft horizontally

91
Q

What are VFR weather minimums in uncontrolled airspace under 1200ft?

A

1 mile visibility, clear of clouds

92
Q

What is required for special VFR clearance from ATC?

A

1 mile visibility

Special VFR clearance allows operations in lower visibility conditions.

93
Q

When is IFR needed for special clearance?

A

At night

IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) are needed to ensure safety during low visibility at night.

94
Q

How is a Terminal Radar Service area indicated?

A

Class D airport with solid grey circle

Participation in Terminal Radar Service is recommended but not required.

95
Q

What is required for a flight in an Air Defense Identification Zone?

A

Defense VFR flight plan

This is necessary when flying at the border of US airspace.

96
Q

What does Special Conservation request regarding altitude?

A

Not to fly below 2000ft

This is a specific request for certain areas to ensure safety and conservation.

97
Q

What are Special Flight Airspace Rules?

A

Requires special training and has different airspace rules

An example is the airspace rules in Washington D.C.

98
Q

What is the purpose of a Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR)?

A

To protect VIPs, crowds, or natural disaster areas

TFRs are implemented to ensure safety in specific situations.

99
Q

What should you do before a flight regarding TFRs?

A

Collect TFR info

It is essential to be aware of any temporary restrictions that may affect flight plans.

100
Q

What types of charts are mentioned?

A
  • Sectional charts
  • Terminal charts
  • Planning charts

Each chart type serves different purposes in flight planning and navigation.

101
Q

How often are sectional charts updated?

A

Every 56 days

Regular updates ensure that pilots have the most current information.

102
Q

What is the scale of sectional charts?

A

1:500,000 scale

This means 1 inch on the chart represents 6.86 miles on the ground.

103
Q

What is the scale of terminal charts?

A

1:250,000 scale

This scale is more detailed, with 1 inch representing 3.43 miles.

104
Q

What is the relationship between sectional and terminal charts?

A

Terminal charts are basically a zoomed in sectional

They provide more detail for specific areas like airports.

ATP Elevate Notes (6 decks)

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