AIP Flashcards
What is a TFF
a TFF is defined as an aerodrome weather report METAR / SPECI to which a statement of trend appended.
TFF related to weather conditions expected to affect the aerodrome of origin for the validity period of the forecast.
The validity period is normally three hours commencing at the time of observation.
It is not a 24 hour service
Does a TFF supersede a TAF
yeah it does for the validity period
Forecast abbreviations FEW SCT BKN OVC ISOLATED OCCASIONAL FREQUENT
FEW = 1 TO 2 OKTAS
SCT= 3 TO 4 OKTAS
BKN = 5 TO 7 OKTAS
OVC = 8 OKTAS
ISOLATED= cb or tcu over an area with a maximum spatial coverage unto 50%
OCCASIONAL= well separated cbs and tcu over an area with spatial coverage 50-75%
FREQUENT- cb or tcu over 75%
TEMPO OR INTER
TEMPO Is used when variations. from the forecast mean conditions are expected to last for periods of up to 30 mins or more but less than 60 mins in each instance
INTER is used for periods less than 30 mins in each instance and which in the aggregate are not expected to cover more than half the given period.
FM or becoming
PROB
from and becoming are used to specify significant changes from the preceding information that are more lasting in nature
Prob is used in TAF to indicate an expected 30 to 40% probability of occurrence
METAR
SPECI
Metar are routine aerodrome reports issued on the hour and half and hour 24 hrs each day
Metar are issued as a special when meeting speci criteria
Metar are made available at preflight briefing and or on request to aircraft in flight
Speci is a non routine aerodrome report issued when conditions are below specified criteria
- BKN or OVC cloud covering the celestial dome below an aerodrome highest alternate minimum or 1500 ft
- when vis is below 5km
- when wind changes by 30 degrees or 20 kts more
-10 kts more the mean speed before or after 30 kts
- gusts vary between 10 kts or more than mean speed of 15 kts
- when gusts exceed 10 kts or more
- temp changes 5 degrees
-QNH altimeter changes 2 HPA
AIREP
pilot in command should make an AIREP special report when requested or as soon as practicable after encountering or observing hazardous met conditions.
TURB
ICING
MOUNTAIN WAVES
What are the requirements when establishing on track
Remain within 5 nm of the departure aerodrome to establish flight on departure track as soon as possible
leaving class d when do you make a departure call
When departing into class g within 1 nm you can change over frequency when not you have to make a departure call with departure time tracking information and last assigned altitude
What conditions must you provide a suitable alternate aerodrome for arriving at a destination during the currency or up to 30 minutes prior to a forecast commencement ?
Cloud - more than SCT below the alternate minimum
Few plus Few is equivalent to SCT
Few plus SCT is equivalent to BKN
SCT plus SCT is equivalent to BKN OCT
vis- less than alternate minimum
vis - fog , mist, dust
wind- crosswind or tail wind more than max for the plane
When there is a tempo or inter deteriorations and holding fuel will be carried what are the requirements?
When weather following the FM or BECMG?
When inter and tempo are not cumulative, fuel is only required for the most limiting.
When FM or a BECMG causing an operational requirement
When fm or becmg is forecast the requirement will remain effective 30 mins before start of the FM time & BECMG
When the weather the FM or BECMG is forecast to remove an operational requirement twill remain effective until 30. mins after the fm or 30 mins after the end of the BECMG.
Fuel required must be carried when ETA of the aircraft at its destination or alternate falls within the period 30 mins before the forecast commencement to 30 minutes after?
The aircraft only needs to carry sufficient fuel to hold until the 30 minutes after the forecast cessation time.
When is a pilot able to operate by ground or water?
Operating at or below 2000ft above the ground or water the pilot is able to navigate by visual reference to the ground or water.
ENR 1.2-1
When can you request special VFR? and what are pilots responsible for?
Operating under special VFR clearance pilots are responsible for ensuring that
-the flight is clear of cloud
-visibility is not less than:
1600m
What are the VMC requirements for class c class d class g
class c: above 10,00ft amsl/ vis 8km/ distance from cloud 1500m horizontal or 1000 ft vertical
Below 10,000ft: vis 5km / 1500 horizontal and 1000ft vertical
class d : Vis 5 km / distance 600m horizontal/ 1000ft vertically above cloud or 500ft vertically below cloud
class g:
At or above 10,00 ft amsl/ vis 8 km/ 1000ft vertical & 1500m horizontal
Below 10,000 ft vis 5km/1000ft vertical/ 1500m horizontal
At or below 3000ft / vis 5km/ clear of cloud and in sight of ground or water
