Aims Flashcards
Samuel and Bryant
The aim of Samuel and Bryant’s study was to challenge Piaget’s findings by altering the method used by Piaget.
Freud
The aim of the study was to report the findings of the treatment of a five-year-old boy for his phobia of horses.
Loftus and Palmer
The aim of this study was to investigate how information supplied after an event, influences a witness’s memory for that event.
Baron-Cohen
The main aim of this experiment was to investigate if high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome would be impaired on a theory of mind test called the ?Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task?
The researchers were also interested to find out if females would be better than males on the ?Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task?
Savage-Rumbaugh
The aim of this article was to describe the initial results of the first longitudinal attempt to investigate the language acquisition capacity of a pygmy chimpanzee and to contrast it with common chimpanzees.
Maguire
The aim of the study was to investigate whether changes could be detected in the brains of London taxi drivers and to further investigate the functions of the hippocampus in spatial memory.
Dement and Kleitman
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between eye movements and dreaming.
The study had three hypotheses:
- There will be a significant association between REM sleep and dreaming.
- There will be a significant positive correlation between the estimate of the duration of dreams and the length of eye-movement
- There will be a significant association between the pattern of eye movement and the context of the dream
Sperry
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hemisphere deconnection and to show that each hemisphere has different functions.
Rosenhan
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that psychiatrists cannot reliably tell the difference between people who are sane and those who are insane.
Thigpen and Cleckley
The aim of this article was to provide an account of the psychotherapeutic treatment of a 25-year-old woman who was referred to Thigpen and Cleckley because of ‘severe and blinding headaches’.
Griffiths
The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive bias involved in gambling behaviour.
There were three main hypotheses
There would be no difference between regular and non regular fruit machine gamblers on objective measures of skill.
Regular gamblers would produce more irrational verbalisations than non-regular gamblers
Regular gamblers would be more skill orientated than non-regular gamblers on subjective measures of self-report
A further hypothesis was also added that thinking aloud participants would take longer to complete the task than non-thinking aloud participants.
Milgram
The aim of the experiment was to investigate what level of obedience would be shown when participants were told by an authority figure to administer electric shocks to another person.
Reicher and Haslam
The study attempted to create an institution to investigate the behaviour of groups that were unequal in terms of power, status, and resources.
Below is a summary of Reicher and Haslam?s aims.
To provide evidence of the unfolding interactions between groups of unequal power.
To investigate if dominant group members will identify with their group from the start and impose their power.
To investigate if subordinate group members will identify collectively and challenge intergroup inequalities when relations between groups are seen as impermeable and insecure.
To measure the social, organisational and clinical effects of the study on the participants.
To develop a practical and ethical framework for examining social psychological issues in large-scale studies.
Piliavin
The aim of the study was to investigate factors affecting helping behaviour.
The factors they were interested included
(i) The type of victim (drunk or ill)
(ii) The race of the victim (black or white)
(iii) The speed of helping
(iv) The frequency of helping
(v) The race of the helper.
Importantly the field experiment also investigated the impact of the presence of a model (someone who offers help first), as well as the relationship between the size of the group and frequency of helping.
Bandura
The aim of Bandura’s study was to demonstrate that if children were passive witnesses to an aggressive display by an adult they would imitate this aggressive behaviour when given the opportunity.
