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AP Human Geography > Agriculture Vocab > Flashcards

Agriculture Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Agribusiness

A

The businesses that provide a vast array of goods and services to support the agricultural industry

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2
Q

Agriculture

A

The deliberate tending of crops and livestock to produce food, fiber, feed, and fuel

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3
Q

Animal domestication

A

To tame/breed an animal making them live in close association to humans(EX. Pets or work animals)

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4
Q

Cash crops

A

A crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower

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5
Q

Climatic regions

A

Areas with similar climatic characteristics

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6
Q

Commercial agriculture

A

A large-scale production of crops for sale, intended for widespread distribution

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7
Q

First agricultural revolution

A

Started by the cultivation of seed crops

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8
Q

Food desert

A

Areas with limited access to fresh nutritious foods

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9
Q

GMOs

A

Genetically modified/engineered crops

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10
Q

Green revolution

A

The third agricultural revolution

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11
Q

Koppen climatic classification system

A

Made by wladimir koppen: for classifying the world’s climates on the basis of temperature and precipitation

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12
Q

Livestock ranching

A

The raising of domesticated animals for the production of meat and by-products

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13
Q

Long-lot survey

A

System that divides the land into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers roads or canals

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14
Q

Luxury crops

A

Crops that are considered nonessential- cocoa, coffee, tea, tobacco

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15
Q

Mediterranean agriculture

A

Specialized farming that occurs only in areas where the dry Mediterranean climate prevails

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16
Q

Metes and bounds system

A

A system of land surveying east of the Appalachian mountains; depends on descriptions of land ownership and natural features

17
Q

Monoculture

A

Dependence on a single agriculture commodity

18
Q

Organic agriculture

A

The production of crops without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides and fertilizers

19
Q

Plantation agriculture

A

The production system when cash crops are grown on large estates

20
Q

Plant domestication

A

The process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use(food, work, medicine,clothing, etc.)

21
Q

Primary economic

A

Economic activities that involve the extraction of economically valuable products from the earth, including agriculture, ranching, hunting, gathering, fishing, forestry, mining,and quarrying

22
Q

Primogeniture

A

Where all land is passed down to eldest son

23
Q

Quartenary economic activity

A

Services concerned with information or the exchange of money or goods

24
Q

Quinary economic activity

A

Service tied to research or higher education

25
Q

Rectangular survey system

A

Prevailing survey system that appears as checkerboards across agricultural fields

26
Q

Root crops

A

Crops that are produced by cultivating either the roots or cuttings from the plants

27
Q

Second agricultural revolution

A

Tools and equipment were modified, methods of soil preparation, fertilization, crop care, and harvesting improved the general organization of agriculture made more efficient

28
Q

Secondary economic activity

A

Activities that take a primary product and change it into something else

29
Q

Seed crops

A

Plants that are reproduced by cultivating seeds

30
Q

Shifting cultivation

A

Agriculture where an area of ground is cleared of vegetation and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned until its fertility is naturally restored

31
Q

Slash and burn agriculture

A

Cultivation of crops in tropical forest clearings in which forest vegetation has been removed by cutting and burning

32
Q

Substinence agriculture

A

Growing only enough food to survive

33
Q

Tertiary economic activity

A

Service industries that connect producers to consumers and facilitate commerce and trade or help people meet their needs

34
Q

Third agricultural revolution

A

Currently in progress; has its principal orientation the the development of GMOs

35
Q

Township and range system

A

A section is an area 1 square mile on rectangular grid

36
Q

Von thunen model

A

First effort to analyze the spatial character of economic activity.

AP Human Geography (13 decks)

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