Aging population 1

Question 1

what is the most common cognitive impairment associated w/ agin?

Answer 1

loss of memory

Question 2

What is more at risk of loss as we age..
Short term mem or long term mem?

Answer 2

short term memory. Older adults will have more trouble recalling info they recently learned.

Question 3

What is more at risk of loss as we age..
episodic memory or semantic and procedural memory?

Answer 3

episodic memory (lived experiences) > semantic (facts) and procedural (ex-using hammer)

Question 4

How can we test our pt’s attention?

Answer 4

DUAL TASK, make them complete a physical task and then couple it with a cognitive task. (ex = dual task TUG)

Question 5

What is more at risk of loss as we age..
sustained and selective attention or divided attention?

Answer 5

divided attention is more at risk bc it requires us to process 2 or more sources of info at once. (AKA dual tasking)
this dec in div attn can lead to inc fall risk.

Question 6

what is presbycusis?

Answer 6

progressive loss of hearing (ya prolly have this dummy)

Question 7

How do the pupils change as we age… how does this affect us?

Answer 7

pupils will be smaller and less responsive which makes it harder to see in the dark, impaired depth perception

Question 8

T or F…
Taste and smell only get more refined and better as you get older..

Answer 8

FALSE
it decreases, can lead to eating less or adding more seasonings to food which can lead to more health/nutritional consequences

Question 9

what happens to your body’s response to medications as you age?

Answer 9

ya body does not metabolize the drug as quickly-> increasing the half-life of the drug -> extending the effects of the drug on your system
you also don’t excrete the drug as quickly
all this can lead to inc chance of neg side effects

Question 10

Describe polypharmacy and the cycle…

Answer 10

polypharmacy is defined as taking >5 meds at once
cycle..
1. take drug
2. drug side effects perceived as new sx
3. take new drug to treat side effects of last drug
4. inc risk of even more side effects to confuse as new sx
5. more drugs

think of this rq…
What do you think may happen when a patient is prescribed diuretics but has difficulty ambulating to the bathroom? Major head trauma and on a blood thinner?

Question 11

is it better to be proactive or reactive with pain meds?

Answer 11

PROACTIVE, make sure pts take them b4 PT sess so you can maximize gains

Question 12

What are some recs to imp pt nutrition??

Answer 12

softer foods, use herbs n szning, eat socially, read labels

Question 13

What are 3 key sx of dehydration in older adults ?

Answer 13

1. Dec BP
2. orthostatic hypotension
3. tachycardia
   Dehydration is easily avoidable w/ proper pt edu

Question 14

How can you test to see if pt is dehydrated?

Answer 14

Skin pull test
if it rebounds quickly then they hydrated
if it takes it time its shot o clock

Question 15

what kind of incontinence is described below…
urine leaks out when you jump, cough, laugh, or strain

Answer 15

stress incontinence

Question 16

what kind of incontinence is described below…
strong urge to urinate even when your bladder isn’t full

Answer 16

overactive bladder (urge) incontinence

Question 17

what kind of incontinence is described below…
symptoms of both stress and overactive incontinence

Answer 17

Mixed incontinence

Question 18

what kind of incontinence is described below…
bladder never completely empties, urine leakage, with or without feeling a need to go

Answer 18

overflow incontinence

Question 19

what kind of incontinence is described below…
your urinary tract is functioning properly but other illnesses or disabilities prevent you from staying dry, cant get to the toilet quickly enough to pee in time

Answer 19

Functional incontinence

Question 20

is osteoporosis more common in men or women?

Answer 20

women

Question 21

What test can a pt get to see if they have osteoporosis?

Answer 21

bone mineral density test

Question 22

what movements should be avoided with pts w/ osteoporosis?

Answer 22

◦ Excessive forward bending
◦ Exercising trunk in flexion
◦ Trunk flexion with rotation
◦ Prolonged immobilization

Question 23

T or F?
A pt with a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) will develop dementia?

Answer 23

false! just cause they have an MCI doesnt mean the individual will dev dementia

Question 24

T or F?

dementia is a form of Alzheimers?

Answer 24

FALSE
switch it fool, Alzheimer’s is a progressive form of dementia

Question 25

how does delirium differ from dementia?

Answer 25

pt is tweaking
delirium is a more acute state of decreased consciousness, attention/awareness/alertness, incoherent speech increased confusion, and anxiety.
dementia is more slow and gradual in onset, chronic type beat

Question 26

how should you change your communication with a pt with alzheimer’s?? ( be able to list 3)

Answer 26

• introduce yourself everytime
• use pt name
• single step commands
• part tasks&raquo_space; whole
• maintain eye contact
• eliminate environmental distractions, closed env»»open

Question 27

why might elders be reluctant to report abuse??

Answer 27

bc the abuser might be their primary caregiver

Question 28

What type of elder abuse is described below….

“happens when someone causes bodily harm by hitting, pushing, or slapping. This may also include restraining an older adult against his/her will, such as
locking them in a room or tying them to furniture.”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 28

C. Physical abuse

Question 29

What type of elder abuse is described below….

“sometimes called psychological abuse, can include a caregiver saying hurtful words, yelling, threatening, or repeatedly ignoring the older adult. Keeping
that person from seeing close friends and relatives is another form of ______”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 29

A. emotional abuse

Question 30

What type of elder abuse is described below….

“occurs when the caregiver does not try to respond to the older adult’s needs. This may include physical, emotional, and social needs, or withholding food, medications, or access to health care.”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 30

B. neglect

Question 31

What type of elder abuse is described below….

“happens when money or belongings are stolen from an older adult. It can include forging checks, taking someone else’s retirement or Social Security benefits, or using a person’s credit cards and bank accounts without
their permission. It also includes changing names on a will, bank account, life insurance policy, or title to a house without permission.”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 31

E. Financial abuse

Question 32

What type of elder abuse is described below….

involves a caregiver forcing an older adult to watch or be part of sexual acts.”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 32

F. Sexual abuse

Question 33

What type of elder abuse is described below….

is leaving an older adult who needs help alone without planning for his or her care.”

A. emotional abuse
B. neglect
C. Physical abuse
D. Abandonment
E. Financial abuse
F. Sexual abuse

Answer 33

D. Abandonment

issa more dangerous and serious form of neglect