Aging in Men (Wilbur) Flashcards
the gap between males and females closes with age, likely due to what cause?
smoking patterns
males of what age have the highest risk of suicide of any sub-group in the US population?
85
Which of the following is incorrectly paired, according to the journal Geriatric Medicine’s formula F = A + M + O (I+S)?
A. f: function B. a: ability C. m: mobility D. o: opportunities E. i + s: individual + society
C. ‘m’ stands for motivation.
this condition is commonly multifactorial and its prevalance is up to 50% of men over the age of 40; may be caused by biological factors such as medications, disease, developmental age-related changes as well as social/cultural and psychological factors
erectile dysfunction
*note: presence of ED correlates with increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease (HR=1.25)
All of the following are therapies that are FDA-approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction EXCEPT:
A. surgery B. phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors C. intraurethral prostaglandin D. intracavernosal vasodilator injections E. apomorphine
E. This is used less commonly than the others. Other meds not approved but occasionally used include yohimbine and phentolamine.
this class of meds works by increasing cGMP, increasing smooth muscle relaxation and are the most commonly used treatment for ED
PDE-5 inhibitors (sildenafil, vardenafil, taldalafil)
what is the contraindication for PDE-5 inhibitors?
patients taking nitrates, due to extreme drop in blood pressures
which of the following is NOT an age-related change in testis function?
A. low sperm production B. low sperm motility C. slight decrease in testicular volume D. decrease in testosterone production E. slight rise in FSH/LH
A. Some studies have shown that men may actually make more sperm, though their motility tends to be impaired.
As opposed to steep drop off levels of estrogen in menopause, males experience a very gradual decline in testosterone production as they age (1-2% per year after age 30) due to what?
this is due to an increase in sex hormone binding globulin
when is the best time to measure testosterone?
a morning fasting serum usually yields the most reliable results - because of variations, values should be obtained twice
All of the following show clear benefit with testosterone supplementation EXCEPT:
A. muscle strength B. cholesterol C. bone mass D. libido E. erectile dysfunction
E. Results on this are mixed.
on a systematic review of benefits and risks of T supplementation, what two values actually showed worsening with supplementation?
PSA and RBC mass
what are the 2 absolute contraindications for T supplementation in men (and women)?
prostate and breast cancers
which of the following regarding aging, testosterone and erections is FALSE?
A. both low T levels and ED are common in older men
B. treating men with testosterone does NOT work for 2/3 of those that have both ED and low T.
C. there is generally a linear relationship between testosterone levels and sexual function
D. there is considerable overlap between low T and ED, but these appear to be distinct entities
C. the association between testosterone levels and sexual function is complex and NOT linear.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Mortality rates for males are higher than females but the gap narrows with advancing age.
B. Physical function is higher and disability is lower in older females compared to males.
C. Erectile dysfunction increases with age, is often multifactorial, and responds well to treatment.
D. Serum levels of testosterone decline slowly and steadily with aging.
E. A constellation of symptoms associated with low testosterone levels may respond to supplementation, but the overall benefit-to-risk ratio is not well understood.
B. It’s the other way around.
