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PHCT > Agents and their Indications > Flashcards

Agents and their Indications Flashcards

1
Q

used for many oral toxins

A

Activated charcoal with sorbitol

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2
Q

sweetener, can act as a laxative and helps eliminate the poisons in the body

A

Sorbitol

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3
Q

MOA of Activated Charcoal

A

Adsorption

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4
Q

What type of antidote is AC?

A

Mechanical antidote

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5
Q

organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, some mushrooms toxicity

A

Atropine

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6
Q

Should be given within 24 hours. If not given immediately, the toxic effect of organophosphate will be irreversible.

A

Atropine

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7
Q

theophylline toxicity

A

beta blockers

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8
Q

Serotonin antagonist used for serotonin syndrome

A

Cyproheptadine

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9
Q

Used for CCB toxicity and black widow spider bites

A

Calcium chloride

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10
Q

Used for hydrofluoric acid toxicity

A

Calcium gluconate

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11
Q

Hydrofluoric acid can cause

A

painless burns

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12
Q

Hydrogen fluoride can cause

A

damage to lungs and cornea of the eyes

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13
Q

For heavy metal poisoning

A

chelators

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14
Q

Examples of chelators

A

EDTA, dimercaprol (BAL), penicillamine, 2,3 -dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer)

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15
Q

For cyanide poisoning

A

Amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, or thiosulfate

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16
Q

For Iron poisoning

A

Deferoxamine mesylate

17
Q

For digoxin poisoning

A

Digoxin Immune Fab antibody (Digibind and Digifab)

18
Q

For extrapyramidal reactions associated with antipsychotic and antiparkinsons

A

Diphenhydramine HCl (antihistamine) & Benztropine (anticholinergic)

19
Q

For ethylene glycol poisoning and
methanol poisoning

A

Ethanol or fomepizole

20
Q

For benzodiazepine poisoning

A

Flumazenil

21
Q

What type of antagonism does Flumazenil exhibits?

A

Competitive antagonism

22
Q

for beta-blocker poisoning and calcium channel blocker poisoning

A

Glucagon

23
Q

Carbon monoxide poisoning and cyanide poisoning

A

100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)

24
Q

For methotrexate and trimethoprim poisoning

A

Leucovorin

25
Q

tx of conditions that can cause methemoglobinemia

A

Methylene blue

26
Q

opioid poisoning

A

Naloxone hydrochloride

27
Q

APAP poisoning

A

N-acetylcysteine

28
Q

For oral hypoglycemic agents poisoning

A

Octreotide

29
Q

potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon and insulin

A

Octreotide

30
Q

organophosphate insecticides poisoning

A

Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM)

31
Q

Heparin poisoning

A

Protamine sulfate

32
Q

Thallium (Tl) poisoning

A

Prussian blue

33
Q

anticholinergic poisoning

A

Physostigmine sulfate

34
Q

Isoniazid poisoning, ethylene glycol

A

Pyridoxine

35
Q

Warfarin poisoning and indanedione

A

Phytomenadione (vitamin K) and fresh frozen plasma

36
Q

For ASA, TCAs with a wide QRS poisoning

A

Sodium bicarbonate

37
Q

Gas for of Hydrofluoric acid

A

Hydrogen sulfide

38
Q

Liquid form of Hydrogen sulfide

A

Hydrofluoric acid

PHCT (5 decks)

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